Immigrant Communist leaders regularly expressed disappointment at the party's ethnic composition. Organizing in Chicago's working-class neighborhoods and around its industries, Communists recruited from those areas with a disproportionate number of foreign-born workers, many of whom had connections to radical traditions. Chicago was an immigrant city, and its party reflected that character. The 1930 census shows that of 3,376,438 Chicagoans, 24.9 percent had been born in another country, while 52.3 percent of Chicago's party members were foreign-born....From available figures, it is clear that Russians, South Slavs, Lithuanians, Hungarians, and Finns were over-represented, while Poles, Germans, Italians, and Mexicans were under-represented.'
(Storch, Red Chicago: American Communism at its Grassroots, 1928-35)