You didn't comprehend very well, old rocks.
AP: Iceland's volcanic ash halts flights across Europe
- Thread starter mal
- Start date
More CO2 means more trapped infra-red radiation.
More trapped radiation means more heat.
CASE CLOSED
Please address that piece of science before you suggest Old Rocks doesn't know what he's talking about. If you can't refute that, the deniers' arguments are pretty much shot.
More trapped radiation means more heat.
CASE CLOSED
Please address that piece of science before you suggest Old Rocks doesn't know what he's talking about. If you can't refute that, the deniers' arguments are pretty much shot.
CO2 is the least of our problems, looking at the effects of eruption. Let's get some perspective here.
Sulfur dioxide (SO2)
The effects of SO2 on people and the environment vary widely depending on (1) the amount of gas a volcano emits into the atmosphere; (2) whether the gas is injected into the troposphere or stratosphere; and (3) the regional or global wind and weather pattern that disperses the gas. Sulfur dioxide (SO2) is a colorless gas with a pungent odor that irritates skin and the tissues and mucous membranes of the eyes, nose, and throat. Sulfur dioxide chiefly affects upper respiratory tract and bronchi. The World Health Organization recommends a concentration of no greater than 0.5 ppm over 24 hours for maximum exposure. A concentration of 6-12 ppm can cause immediate irritation of the nose and throat; 20 ppm can cause eye irritation; 10,000 ppm will irritate moist skin within minutes.
Emission rates of SO2 from an active volcano range from <20 tonnes/day to >10 million tonnes/day according to the style of volcanic activity and type and volume of magma involved. For example, the large explosive eruption of Mount Pinatubo on 15 June 1991 expelled 3-5 km3 of dacite magma and injected about 17 million tonnes of SO2 into the stratosphere. The sulfur aerosols resulted in a 0.5-0.6°C cooling of the Earth's surface in the Northern Hemisphere. The sulfate aerosols also accelerated chemical reactions that, together with the increased stratospheric chlorine levels from human-made chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) pollution, destroyed ozone and led to some of the lowest ozone levels ever observed in the atmosphere.
At Kilauea Volcano, the recent effusive eruption of about 0.0005 km3/day (500,000 m3) of basalt magma releases about 2,000 tonnes of SO2 into the lower troposphere. Downwind from the vent, acid rain and air pollution is a persistent health problem when the volcano is erupting.
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S)
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a colorless, flammable gas with a strong offensive odor. It is sometimes referred to as sewer gas. At low concentrations it can irritate the eyes and acts as a depressant; at high concentrations it can cause irritation of the upper respiratory tract and, during long exposure, pulmonary edema. A 30-minute exposure to 500 ppm results in headache, dizziness, excitement, staggering gait, and diarrhea, followed sometimes by bronchitis or bronchopneumonia.
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Volcanoes release more than 130 million tonnes of CO2 into the atmosphere every year. This colorless, odorless gas usually does not pose a direct hazard to life because it typically becomes diluted to low concentrations very quickly whether it is released continuously from the ground or during episodic eruptions. But in certain circumstances, CO2 may become concentrated at levels lethal to people and animals. Carbon dioxide gas is heavier than air and the gas can flow into in low-lying areas; breathing air with more than 30% CO2 can quickly induce unconsciousness and cause death. In volcanic or other areas where CO2 emissions occur, it is important to avoid small depressions and low areas that might be CO2 traps. The boundary between air and lethal gas can be extremely sharp; even a single step upslope may be adequate to escape death.
Hydrogen Chloride (HCl)
Chlorine gas is emitted from volcanoes in the form of hydrochloric acid (HCl). Exposure to the gas irritates mucous membranes of the eyes and respiratory tract. Concentrations over 35 ppm cause irritation of the throat after short exposure; >100 ppm results in pulmonary edema, and often laryngeal spasm. It also causes acid rain downwind from volcanoes because HCl is extremely soluble in condensing water droplets and it is a very "strong acid" (it dissociates extensively to give H+ ions in the droplets).
Hydrogen Fluoride (HF)
Fluorine is a pale yellow gas that attaches to fine ash particles, coats grass, and pollutes streams and lakes. Exposure to this powerful caustic irritant can cause conjunctivitis, skin irritation, bone degeneration and mottling of teeth. Excess fluorine results in a significant cause of death and injury in livestock during ash eruptions. Even in areas that receive just a millimeter of ash, poisoning can occur where the fluorine content of dried grass exceeds 250 ppm. Animals that eat grass coated with fluorine-tainted ash are poisoned. Small amounts of fluorine can be beneficial, but excess fluorine causes fluorosis, an affliction that eventually kills animals by destroying their bones. It also promotes acid rain effects downwind of volcanoes, like HCl.
Secondary Gas Emissions
Another type of gas release occurs when lava flows reach the ocean. Extreme heat from molten lava boils and vaporizes seawater, leading to a series of chemical reactions. The boiling and reactions produce a large white plume, locally known as lava haze or laze, containing a mixture of hydrochloric acid and concentrated seawater.
Volcanic Gases and Their Effects
Sulfur dioxide (SO2)
The effects of SO2 on people and the environment vary widely depending on (1) the amount of gas a volcano emits into the atmosphere; (2) whether the gas is injected into the troposphere or stratosphere; and (3) the regional or global wind and weather pattern that disperses the gas. Sulfur dioxide (SO2) is a colorless gas with a pungent odor that irritates skin and the tissues and mucous membranes of the eyes, nose, and throat. Sulfur dioxide chiefly affects upper respiratory tract and bronchi. The World Health Organization recommends a concentration of no greater than 0.5 ppm over 24 hours for maximum exposure. A concentration of 6-12 ppm can cause immediate irritation of the nose and throat; 20 ppm can cause eye irritation; 10,000 ppm will irritate moist skin within minutes.
Emission rates of SO2 from an active volcano range from <20 tonnes/day to >10 million tonnes/day according to the style of volcanic activity and type and volume of magma involved. For example, the large explosive eruption of Mount Pinatubo on 15 June 1991 expelled 3-5 km3 of dacite magma and injected about 17 million tonnes of SO2 into the stratosphere. The sulfur aerosols resulted in a 0.5-0.6°C cooling of the Earth's surface in the Northern Hemisphere. The sulfate aerosols also accelerated chemical reactions that, together with the increased stratospheric chlorine levels from human-made chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) pollution, destroyed ozone and led to some of the lowest ozone levels ever observed in the atmosphere.
At Kilauea Volcano, the recent effusive eruption of about 0.0005 km3/day (500,000 m3) of basalt magma releases about 2,000 tonnes of SO2 into the lower troposphere. Downwind from the vent, acid rain and air pollution is a persistent health problem when the volcano is erupting.
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S)
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a colorless, flammable gas with a strong offensive odor. It is sometimes referred to as sewer gas. At low concentrations it can irritate the eyes and acts as a depressant; at high concentrations it can cause irritation of the upper respiratory tract and, during long exposure, pulmonary edema. A 30-minute exposure to 500 ppm results in headache, dizziness, excitement, staggering gait, and diarrhea, followed sometimes by bronchitis or bronchopneumonia.
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Volcanoes release more than 130 million tonnes of CO2 into the atmosphere every year. This colorless, odorless gas usually does not pose a direct hazard to life because it typically becomes diluted to low concentrations very quickly whether it is released continuously from the ground or during episodic eruptions. But in certain circumstances, CO2 may become concentrated at levels lethal to people and animals. Carbon dioxide gas is heavier than air and the gas can flow into in low-lying areas; breathing air with more than 30% CO2 can quickly induce unconsciousness and cause death. In volcanic or other areas where CO2 emissions occur, it is important to avoid small depressions and low areas that might be CO2 traps. The boundary between air and lethal gas can be extremely sharp; even a single step upslope may be adequate to escape death.
Hydrogen Chloride (HCl)
Chlorine gas is emitted from volcanoes in the form of hydrochloric acid (HCl). Exposure to the gas irritates mucous membranes of the eyes and respiratory tract. Concentrations over 35 ppm cause irritation of the throat after short exposure; >100 ppm results in pulmonary edema, and often laryngeal spasm. It also causes acid rain downwind from volcanoes because HCl is extremely soluble in condensing water droplets and it is a very "strong acid" (it dissociates extensively to give H+ ions in the droplets).
Hydrogen Fluoride (HF)
Fluorine is a pale yellow gas that attaches to fine ash particles, coats grass, and pollutes streams and lakes. Exposure to this powerful caustic irritant can cause conjunctivitis, skin irritation, bone degeneration and mottling of teeth. Excess fluorine results in a significant cause of death and injury in livestock during ash eruptions. Even in areas that receive just a millimeter of ash, poisoning can occur where the fluorine content of dried grass exceeds 250 ppm. Animals that eat grass coated with fluorine-tainted ash are poisoned. Small amounts of fluorine can be beneficial, but excess fluorine causes fluorosis, an affliction that eventually kills animals by destroying their bones. It also promotes acid rain effects downwind of volcanoes, like HCl.
Secondary Gas Emissions
Another type of gas release occurs when lava flows reach the ocean. Extreme heat from molten lava boils and vaporizes seawater, leading to a series of chemical reactions. The boiling and reactions produce a large white plume, locally known as lava haze or laze, containing a mixture of hydrochloric acid and concentrated seawater.
Volcanic Gases and Their Effects
So the enviromental technician chimes in.
old rocks in a communist that would do anything to bring down our government.
This planet isn't Venus with the CO2, Kon. Man Made Global Warming is from the fear mongers such as old rocks, and yourself, apparently.
Your so called peer reviewed data has been manipulated and therefore is considered something like "trash in-trash out" status.
I'm still wondering why the IPCC only used roughly 10% of the papers submitted to attain a preconceived consensus outcome with global warming?
Deny all you want, but the jigs up with your comrades and you, Con, er, Kon.
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Can't deal with the facts, can you? Laugh all you want, but we're not laughing with you. It's so hypocritical to pretend you know anything when you can't even deal with a simple logical syllogism without turning to distraction tactics.
Big Fitz
User Quit *****
- Nov 23, 2009
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No... we're saying you've 'err balled' once again with nothing but frauds and blogs to back your illusion of science.
But keep pushing the big lie. Stupid leftists still believe you.
Big Fitz
User Quit *****
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in a closed static system with an infinite depth atmosphere... yes.
But the Earth is NOT a closed system, nor is it static. It is constantly evolving/changing/mutating from more variables than you or I am aware of.
But here you go, focusing on ONE gas that makes up less than .04% of the atmosphere with smaller greenhouse capabilities than that of the much more prevalent water vapor which affects temperature in the atmosphere by factors of TEN greater. But not only that! Then you slice off a 60th of a single percent of that, that is produced by man... and say fluctuations of this small small smaller than small percentage is making the whole earth shudder with our might and we're all going to die in a freezy burny flood of snow and ash.
Speaking of Iceland, and increased CO2, what about your new theory of Ocean Ass-idification absorbing all that extra CO2 and then trying to dissolve the world into a puddle of sizzling goo? Won't the absorption of CO2 then decrease the overall quantities of atmospheric CO2 and then decrease the heat accordingly? Hmmmmmm... Or is it that our .6% of .04% of the atmosphere that mankind produces still going to outrace the power of the Earth's oceans and their 76% surface of the planet's absorption?
You guys really need to compare memos and use some ******* logic taking into account both negative feedback loops, scale and open/dynamic systems.
But why should I be surprised. You think the economy is a closed system too, that one source gains wealth only by stealing it from another. Must be the same logic here.
So, you can play ****-around ****-around with all your fancy degrees and 'peer' review self congratulatory glad-handing by leftist 'scientists'. I'll look at Elementary Logic 101 to laugh my ass off at your theory, and until you can trump that, cram it junior. You're only jerking yourself and your sycophantic buddies off.
I thought I did resond to your manipulated drivel, your reasoning falls short because of the wanted errors in the faux research done by the loons.
Speaking of distracting...I did notice that you failed to answer my question on why only 10% of the IPCC papers were used to formulate a preconceived consnsus on global warming. You claim to be so smart, but......reality bites, doesn't it?
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