Party members may be only 2% of the population but they occupy all the key positions in government. It is easy for the party to control the country because there is almost no demand in the country to abandon the communist party. Progress they have made in raising the standard of living over the last 50 years is pretty remarkable and the communist party is quick to remind the country that the party is responsibly.
Being a member of communist in China allow you hold high level positions in government and the congresses. Members of the party vote in congress, while members of other parties or independents can not. If you work in goverment, military, education or goverment owned enterprises, being a member of the party helps you rise in the organizations. In most non-goverment owned business, there will almost always be at least a smattering party members. Businesses that have party members in executive positions can negotiate lower taxes for the company. They also cut through a lot goverment red tape.
Becoming a member is a long arduous process. Only one in ten that apply are accepted. The process of becoming a member can take 7 to 12 months. During that time the candidate will have to furnish many reference some of which will be party members. There are a numbers of books and papers to read, tests to take, and interviews. Where once the target for party membership was factory workers, farmers, and soldiers, today college student and educators are the primary target.