New Year’s Resolutions For Climate Scientists

[RollingThunder]

No, it's not. The PT extinction is an automatic PhD for the first person to really figure out what happened. The SO2 that was emitted by the flood basalts would DWARF whatever methane was released and cause worldwide COLD that is the most likely cause of the extinction.

Nice try silly person but third grade insults ain't going to cut it here.

Nor is your third grade misunderstanding of science, twit.

Permian–Triassic extinction event
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Causes of the extinction event

Methane hydrate gasification

Scientists have found worldwide evidence of a swift decrease of about 10% in the 13C/12C isotope ratio in carbonate rocks from the end-Permian.[46][99] This is the first, largest and most rapid of a series of negative and positive excursions (decreases and increases in 13C/12C ratio) that continues until the isotope ratio abruptly stabilises in the middle Triassic, followed soon afterwards by the recovery of calcifying life forms (organisms that use calcium carbonate to build hard parts such as shells).[13]

A variety of factors may have contributed to this drop in the 13C/12C ratio, but most turn out to be insufficient to account fully for it:[100]

* Gases from volcanic eruptions have a 13C/12C ratio about 5 to 8 ‰ below standard (δ13C about −5 to −8 ‰). But the amount required to produce a reduction of about 10 ‰ worldwide requires eruptions greater by orders of magnitude than any for which evidence has been found.[101]
* A reduction in organic activity would extract 12C more slowly from the environment and leave more of it to be incorporated into sediments, thus reducing the 13C/12C ratio. Biochemical processes use the lighter isotopes, since chemical reactions are ultimately driven by electromagnetic forces between atoms and lighter isotopes respond more quickly to these forces. But a study of a smaller drop of 3 to 4 ‰ in 13C/12C (δ13C −3 to −4 ‰) at the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) concluded that even transferring all the organic carbon (in organisms, soils, and dissolved in the ocean) into sediments would be insufficient: even such a large burial of material rich in 12C would not have produced the smaller drop in the 13C/12C ratio of the rocks around the PETM.[101]
* Buried sedimentary organic matter has a 13C/12C ratio 20 to 25 ‰ below normal (δ13C −20 to −25 ‰). Theoretically, if the sea level fell sharply, shallow marine sediments would be exposed to oxidization. But 6,500–8,400 gigatons (1 gigaton = 109 metric tons) of organic carbon would have to be oxidized and returned to the ocean-atmosphere system within less than a few hundred thousand years to reduce the 13C/12C ratio by 10 ‰. This is not thought to be a realistic possibility.[7]
* Rather than a sudden decline in sea level, intermittent periods of ocean-bottom hyperoxia and anoxia (high-oxygen and low- / zero-oxygen conditions) may have caused the 13C/12C ratio fluctuations in the Early Triassic;[13] and global anoxia may have been responsible for the end-Permian blip. The continents of the end-Permian and early Triassic were more clustered in the tropics than they are now (see map above), and large tropical rivers would have dumped sediment into smaller, partially enclosed ocean basins in low latitudes. Such conditions favor oxic and anoxic episodes; oxic / anoxic conditions would result in a rapid release / burial respectively of large amounts of organic carbon, which has a low 13C/12C ratio because biochemical processes use the lighter isotopes.[102] This, or another organic-based reason, may have been responsible for both this and a late Proterozoic/Cambrian pattern of fluctuating 13C/12C ratios.[13]

Other hypotheses include mass oceanic poisoning releasing vast amounts of CO2[103] and a long-term reorganisation of the global carbon cycle.[100]

*** However, only one sufficiently powerful cause has been proposed for the global 10 ‰ reduction in the 13C/12C ratio: the release of methane from methane clathrates ***;[7] and carbon-cycle models confirm that it would have been sufficient to produce the observed reduction.[100][103] Methane clathrates, also known as methane hydrates, consist of methane molecules trapped in cages of water molecules. The methane is produced by methanogens (microscopic single-celled organisms) and has a 13C/12C ratio about 60 ‰ below normal (δ13C −60 ‰). At the right combination of pressure and temperature it gets trapped in clathrates fairly close to the surface of permafrost and in much larger quantities at continental margins (continental shelves and the deeper seabed close to them). Oceanic methane hydrates are usually found buried in sediments where the seawater is at least 300 metres (980 ft) deep. They can be found up to about 2,000 metres (6,600 ft) below the sea floor, but usually only about 1,100 metres (3,600 ft) below the sea floor.[104]

The area covered by lava from the Siberian Traps eruptions is about twice as large as was originally thought, and most of the additional area was shallow sea at the time. It is very likely that the seabed contained methane hydrate deposits and that the lava caused the deposits to dissociate, releasing vast quantities of methane.[105]

One would expect a vast release of methane to cause significant global warming, since methane is a very powerful greenhouse gas. *** There is strong evidence that global temperatures increased by about 6 °C (10.8 °F) near the equator and therefore by more at higher latitudes ***: a sharp decrease in oxygen isotope ratios (18O/16O);[106] the extinction of Glossopteris flora (Glossopteris and plants that grew in the same areas), which needed a cold climate, and its replacement by floras typical of lower paleolatitudes.[12][107]

I see a lot of "could haves, I see no empirical data to support the theory. Not one bit.

That is because you are a blind, uneducated, brainwashed fool trying to twist science to suit your political agenda.

However we KNOW that whenever there is a minor volcanic eruption there is an IMMEDIATE and MEASURABLE drop in global temperature. Just imagine a supervolcano erupting for 200,000 years and the effect thta would have on the temperature.

New evidence also shows that the lava was boiling the local salt deposits and that created a host of toxic gasses chief among them methyl chloride which is now theorized to have depleted the ozone (of course extreme cold is also KNOWN to deplete ozone). Fossils from the time indicate a large number of mutations cropping up at that time lending further creedence to theory.

In short, there is STILL no evidence of clathrates causing run away warming. there is tons of evidence showing extreme cold as a possibility.

Either your reading skills or your comprehension really sucks, walleyedretard. Probably both.

"There is strong evidence that global temperatures increased by about 6 °C (10.8 °F) near the equator and therefore by more at higher latitudes"

"However, only one sufficiently powerful cause has been proposed for the global 10 ‰ reduction in the 13C/12C ratio: the release of methane from methane clathrates"

"However, over long periods of time (thousands or millions of years), multiple eruptions of giant volcanoes, such as the flood basalt volcanoes, can raise the carbon dioxide levels enough to cause significant global warming."


***

 

[westwall]

Nor is your third grade misunderstanding of science, twit.

Permian–Triassic extinction event
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Causes of the extinction event

Methane hydrate gasification

Scientists have found worldwide evidence of a swift decrease of about 10% in the 13C/12C isotope ratio in carbonate rocks from the end-Permian.[46][99] This is the first, largest and most rapid of a series of negative and positive excursions (decreases and increases in 13C/12C ratio) that continues until the isotope ratio abruptly stabilises in the middle Triassic, followed soon afterwards by the recovery of calcifying life forms (organisms that use calcium carbonate to build hard parts such as shells).[13]

A variety of factors may have contributed to this drop in the 13C/12C ratio, but most turn out to be insufficient to account fully for it:[100]

* Gases from volcanic eruptions have a 13C/12C ratio about 5 to 8 ‰ below standard (δ13C about −5 to −8 ‰). But the amount required to produce a reduction of about 10 ‰ worldwide requires eruptions greater by orders of magnitude than any for which evidence has been found.[101]
* A reduction in organic activity would extract 12C more slowly from the environment and leave more of it to be incorporated into sediments, thus reducing the 13C/12C ratio. Biochemical processes use the lighter isotopes, since chemical reactions are ultimately driven by electromagnetic forces between atoms and lighter isotopes respond more quickly to these forces. But a study of a smaller drop of 3 to 4 ‰ in 13C/12C (δ13C −3 to −4 ‰) at the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) concluded that even transferring all the organic carbon (in organisms, soils, and dissolved in the ocean) into sediments would be insufficient: even such a large burial of material rich in 12C would not have produced the smaller drop in the 13C/12C ratio of the rocks around the PETM.[101]
* Buried sedimentary organic matter has a 13C/12C ratio 20 to 25 ‰ below normal (δ13C −20 to −25 ‰). Theoretically, if the sea level fell sharply, shallow marine sediments would be exposed to oxidization. But 6,500–8,400 gigatons (1 gigaton = 109 metric tons) of organic carbon would have to be oxidized and returned to the ocean-atmosphere system within less than a few hundred thousand years to reduce the 13C/12C ratio by 10 ‰. This is not thought to be a realistic possibility.[7]
* Rather than a sudden decline in sea level, intermittent periods of ocean-bottom hyperoxia and anoxia (high-oxygen and low- / zero-oxygen conditions) may have caused the 13C/12C ratio fluctuations in the Early Triassic;[13] and global anoxia may have been responsible for the end-Permian blip. The continents of the end-Permian and early Triassic were more clustered in the tropics than they are now (see map above), and large tropical rivers would have dumped sediment into smaller, partially enclosed ocean basins in low latitudes. Such conditions favor oxic and anoxic episodes; oxic / anoxic conditions would result in a rapid release / burial respectively of large amounts of organic carbon, which has a low 13C/12C ratio because biochemical processes use the lighter isotopes.[102] This, or another organic-based reason, may have been responsible for both this and a late Proterozoic/Cambrian pattern of fluctuating 13C/12C ratios.[13]

Other hypotheses include mass oceanic poisoning releasing vast amounts of CO2[103] and a long-term reorganisation of the global carbon cycle.[100]

*** However, only one sufficiently powerful cause has been proposed for the global 10 ‰ reduction in the 13C/12C ratio: the release of methane from methane clathrates ***;[7] and carbon-cycle models confirm that it would have been sufficient to produce the observed reduction.[100][103] Methane clathrates, also known as methane hydrates, consist of methane molecules trapped in cages of water molecules. The methane is produced by methanogens (microscopic single-celled organisms) and has a 13C/12C ratio about 60 ‰ below normal (δ13C −60 ‰). At the right combination of pressure and temperature it gets trapped in clathrates fairly close to the surface of permafrost and in much larger quantities at continental margins (continental shelves and the deeper seabed close to them). Oceanic methane hydrates are usually found buried in sediments where the seawater is at least 300 metres (980 ft) deep. They can be found up to about 2,000 metres (6,600 ft) below the sea floor, but usually only about 1,100 metres (3,600 ft) below the sea floor.[104]

The area covered by lava from the Siberian Traps eruptions is about twice as large as was originally thought, and most of the additional area was shallow sea at the time. It is very likely that the seabed contained methane hydrate deposits and that the lava caused the deposits to dissociate, releasing vast quantities of methane.[105]

One would expect a vast release of methane to cause significant global warming, since methane is a very powerful greenhouse gas. *** There is strong evidence that global temperatures increased by about 6 °C (10.8 °F) near the equator and therefore by more at higher latitudes ***: a sharp decrease in oxygen isotope ratios (18O/16O);[106] the extinction of Glossopteris flora (Glossopteris and plants that grew in the same areas), which needed a cold climate, and its replacement by floras typical of lower paleolatitudes.[12][107]

I see a lot of "could haves, I see no empirical data to support the theory. Not one bit.

That is because you are a blind, uneducated, brainwashed fool trying to twist science to suit your political agenda.

However we KNOW that whenever there is a minor volcanic eruption there is an IMMEDIATE and MEASURABLE drop in global temperature. Just imagine a supervolcano erupting for 200,000 years and the effect thta would have on the temperature.

New evidence also shows that the lava was boiling the local salt deposits and that created a host of toxic gasses chief among them methyl chloride which is now theorized to have depleted the ozone (of course extreme cold is also KNOWN to deplete ozone). Fossils from the time indicate a large number of mutations cropping up at that time lending further creedence to theory.

In short, there is STILL no evidence of clathrates causing run away warming. there is tons of evidence showing extreme cold as a possibility.

Either your reading skills or your comprehension really sucks, walleyedretard. Probably both.

"There is strong evidence that global temperatures increased by about 6 °C (10.8 °F) near the equator and therefore by more at higher latitudes"

"However, only one sufficiently powerful cause has been proposed for the global 10 ‰ reduction in the 13C/12C ratio: the release of methane from methane clathrates"

"However, over long periods of time (thousands or millions of years), multiple eruptions of giant volcanoes, such as the flood basalt volcanoes, can raise the carbon dioxide levels enough to cause significant global warming."


***

Really? Where oh where is that evidence? Please note, computer models are not data.

 

[skookerasbil]

 

[RollingThunder]

I see a lot of "could haves, I see no empirical data to support the theory. Not one bit.

That is because you are a blind, uneducated, brainwashed fool trying to twist science to suit your political agenda.

However we KNOW that whenever there is a minor volcanic eruption there is an IMMEDIATE and MEASURABLE drop in global temperature. Just imagine a supervolcano erupting for 200,000 years and the effect thta would have on the temperature.

New evidence also shows that the lava was boiling the local salt deposits and that created a host of toxic gasses chief among them methyl chloride which is now theorized to have depleted the ozone (of course extreme cold is also KNOWN to deplete ozone). Fossils from the time indicate a large number of mutations cropping up at that time lending further creedence to theory.

In short, there is STILL no evidence of clathrates causing run away warming. there is tons of evidence showing extreme cold as a possibility.

Either your reading skills or your comprehension really sucks, walleyedretard. Probably both.

"There is strong evidence that global temperatures increased by about 6 °C (10.8 °F) near the equator and therefore by more at higher latitudes"

"However, only one sufficiently powerful cause has been proposed for the global 10 ‰ reduction in the 13C/12C ratio: the release of methane from methane clathrates"

"However, over long periods of time (thousands or millions of years), multiple eruptions of giant volcanoes, such as the flood basalt volcanoes, can raise the carbon dioxide levels enough to cause significant global warming."


***

Really? Where oh where is that evidence? Please note, computer models are not data.

The evidence is in the scientific papers on the subject which you, of course, are far too retarded to find or understand, as always.

Holser WT, Schoenlaub H-P, Attrep Jr M, Boeckelmann K, Klein P, Magaritz M, Orth CJ, Fenninger A, Jenny C, Kralik M, Mauritsch H, Pak E, Schramm J-F, Stattegger K & Schmoeller R (1989). "A unique geochemical record at the Permian/Triassic boundary". Nature 337 (6202): 39–44. Bibcode 1989Natur.337...39H. doi:10.1038/337039a0.

Tanner LH, Lucas SG & Chapman MG (2004). "Assessing the record and causes of Late Triassic extinctions" (PDF). Earth-Science Reviews 65 (1–2): 103–139. Bibcode 2004ESRv...65..103T. doi:10.1016/S0012-8252(03)00082-5. Archived from the original on 2007-10-25. http://web.archive.org/web/20071025225841/http://nmnaturalhistory.org/pdf_files/TJB.pdf. Retrieved 2007-10-22.

Dobruskina IA (1987). "Phytogeography of Eurasia during the early Triassic". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 58 (1–2): 75–86. doi:10.1016/0031-0182(87)90007-1.


Computer models are a form of data that you are just too stupid and uneducated to understand, walleyedretard.

 

[westwall]

That is because you are a blind, uneducated, brainwashed fool trying to twist science to suit your political agenda.



Either your reading skills or your comprehension really sucks, walleyedretard. Probably both.

"There is strong evidence that global temperatures increased by about 6 °C (10.8 °F) near the equator and therefore by more at higher latitudes"

"However, only one sufficiently powerful cause has been proposed for the global 10 ‰ reduction in the 13C/12C ratio: the release of methane from methane clathrates"

"However, over long periods of time (thousands or millions of years), multiple eruptions of giant volcanoes, such as the flood basalt volcanoes, can raise the carbon dioxide levels enough to cause significant global warming."


***

Really? Where oh where is that evidence? Please note, computer models are not data.

The evidence is in the scientific papers on the subject which you, of course, are far too retarded to find or understand, as always.

Holser WT, Schoenlaub H-P, Attrep Jr M, Boeckelmann K, Klein P, Magaritz M, Orth CJ, Fenninger A, Jenny C, Kralik M, Mauritsch H, Pak E, Schramm J-F, Stattegger K & Schmoeller R (1989). "A unique geochemical record at the Permian/Triassic boundary". Nature 337 (6202): 39–44. Bibcode 1989Natur.337...39H. doi:10.1038/337039a0.

Tanner LH, Lucas SG & Chapman MG (2004). "Assessing the record and causes of Late Triassic extinctions" (PDF). Earth-Science Reviews 65 (1–2): 103–139. Bibcode 2004ESRv...65..103T. doi:10.1016/S0012-8252(03)00082-5. Archived from the original on 2007-10-25. http://web.archive.org/web/20071025225841/http://nmnaturalhistory.org/pdf_files/TJB.pdf. Retrieved 2007-10-22.

Dobruskina IA (1987). "Phytogeography of Eurasia during the early Triassic". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 58 (1–2): 75–86. doi:10.1016/0031-0182(87)90007-1.


Computer models are a form of data that you are just too stupid and uneducated to understand, walleyedretard.

Have you ever even read a scientific paper? Based on this I sincerely doubt it. Here is the abstract for you...I highlighted the relevant portion for you.


"Accelerated biotic turnover during the Late Triassic has led to the perception of an end-Triassic mass extinction event, now
regarded as one of the ‘‘big five’’ extinctions. Close examination of the fossil record reveals that many groups thought to be
affected severely by this event, such as ammonoids, bivalves and conodonts, instead were in decline throughout the Late Triassic,
and that other groups were relatively unaffected or subject to only regional effects. Explanations for the biotic turnover have
included both gradualistic and catastrophic mechanisms. Regression during the Rhaetian, with consequent habitat loss, is
compatible with the disappearance of some marine faunal groups, but may be regional, not global in scale, and cannot explain
apparent synchronous decline in the terrestrial realm. Gradual, widespread aridification of the Pangaean supercontinent could
explain a decline in terrestrial diversity during the Late Triassic. Although evidence for an impact precisely at the boundary is
lacking, the presence of impact structures with Late Triassic ages suggests the possibility of bolide impact-induced environmental
degradation prior to the end-Triassic. Widespread eruptions of flood basalts of the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province (CAMP)
were synchronous with or slightly postdate the system boundary; emissions of CO2 and SO2 during these eruptions were
substantial, but the contradictory evidence for the environmental effects of outgassing of these lavas remains to be resolved. A
substantial excursion in the marine carbon-isotope record of both carbonate and organic matter suggests a significant disturbance
of the global carbon cycle at the system boundary. Release of methane hydrates from seafloor sediments is a possible cause for
this isotope excursion, although the triggering mechanism and climatic effects of such a release remain uncertain."

You see how the methane theory is at the very end? That means the researchers thought of it, but don't think too much of it. As far as your silly comment regarding computer models being data all I can say is wow, you really are retarded. There is simply nothing else to say about you and your level of intellect (which is quite, quite low).

 

[skookerasbil]

Nor is your third grade misunderstanding of science, twit.

Permian–Triassic extinction event
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Causes of the extinction event

Methane hydrate gasification

Scientists have found worldwide evidence of a swift decrease of about 10% in the 13C/12C isotope ratio in carbonate rocks from the end-Permian.[46][99] This is the first, largest and most rapid of a series of negative and positive excursions (decreases and increases in 13C/12C ratio) that continues until the isotope ratio abruptly stabilises in the middle Triassic, followed soon afterwards by the recovery of calcifying life forms (organisms that use calcium carbonate to build hard parts such as shells).[13]

A variety of factors may have contributed to this drop in the 13C/12C ratio, but most turn out to be insufficient to account fully for it:[100]

* Gases from volcanic eruptions have a 13C/12C ratio about 5 to 8 ‰ below standard (δ13C about −5 to −8 ‰). But the amount required to produce a reduction of about 10 ‰ worldwide requires eruptions greater by orders of magnitude than any for which evidence has been found.[101]
* A reduction in organic activity would extract 12C more slowly from the environment and leave more of it to be incorporated into sediments, thus reducing the 13C/12C ratio. Biochemical processes use the lighter isotopes, since chemical reactions are ultimately driven by electromagnetic forces between atoms and lighter isotopes respond more quickly to these forces. But a study of a smaller drop of 3 to 4 ‰ in 13C/12C (δ13C −3 to −4 ‰) at the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) concluded that even transferring all the organic carbon (in organisms, soils, and dissolved in the ocean) into sediments would be insufficient: even such a large burial of material rich in 12C would not have produced the smaller drop in the 13C/12C ratio of the rocks around the PETM.[101]
* Buried sedimentary organic matter has a 13C/12C ratio 20 to 25 ‰ below normal (δ13C −20 to −25 ‰). Theoretically, if the sea level fell sharply, shallow marine sediments would be exposed to oxidization. But 6,500–8,400 gigatons (1 gigaton = 109 metric tons) of organic carbon would have to be oxidized and returned to the ocean-atmosphere system within less than a few hundred thousand years to reduce the 13C/12C ratio by 10 ‰. This is not thought to be a realistic possibility.[7]
* Rather than a sudden decline in sea level, intermittent periods of ocean-bottom hyperoxia and anoxia (high-oxygen and low- / zero-oxygen conditions) may have caused the 13C/12C ratio fluctuations in the Early Triassic;[13] and global anoxia may have been responsible for the end-Permian blip. The continents of the end-Permian and early Triassic were more clustered in the tropics than they are now (see map above), and large tropical rivers would have dumped sediment into smaller, partially enclosed ocean basins in low latitudes. Such conditions favor oxic and anoxic episodes; oxic / anoxic conditions would result in a rapid release / burial respectively of large amounts of organic carbon, which has a low 13C/12C ratio because biochemical processes use the lighter isotopes.[102] This, or another organic-based reason, may have been responsible for both this and a late Proterozoic/Cambrian pattern of fluctuating 13C/12C ratios.[13]

Other hypotheses include mass oceanic poisoning releasing vast amounts of CO2[103] and a long-term reorganisation of the global carbon cycle.[100]

*** However, only one sufficiently powerful cause has been proposed for the global 10 ‰ reduction in the 13C/12C ratio: the release of methane from methane clathrates ***;[7] and carbon-cycle models confirm that it would have been sufficient to produce the observed reduction.[100][103] Methane clathrates, also known as methane hydrates, consist of methane molecules trapped in cages of water molecules. The methane is produced by methanogens (microscopic single-celled organisms) and has a 13C/12C ratio about 60 ‰ below normal (δ13C −60 ‰). At the right combination of pressure and temperature it gets trapped in clathrates fairly close to the surface of permafrost and in much larger quantities at continental margins (continental shelves and the deeper seabed close to them). Oceanic methane hydrates are usually found buried in sediments where the seawater is at least 300 metres (980 ft) deep. They can be found up to about 2,000 metres (6,600 ft) below the sea floor, but usually only about 1,100 metres (3,600 ft) below the sea floor.[104]

The area covered by lava from the Siberian Traps eruptions is about twice as large as was originally thought, and most of the additional area was shallow sea at the time. It is very likely that the seabed contained methane hydrate deposits and that the lava caused the deposits to dissociate, releasing vast quantities of methane.[105]

One would expect a vast release of methane to cause significant global warming, since methane is a very powerful greenhouse gas. *** There is strong evidence that global temperatures increased by about 6 °C (10.8 °F) near the equator and therefore by more at higher latitudes ***: a sharp decrease in oxygen isotope ratios (18O/16O);[106] the extinction of Glossopteris flora (Glossopteris and plants that grew in the same areas), which needed a cold climate, and its replacement by floras typical of lower paleolatitudes.[12][107]

I see a lot of "could haves, I see no empirical data to support the theory. Not one bit.

That is because you are a blind, uneducated, brainwashed fool trying to twist science to suit your political agenda.

However we KNOW that whenever there is a minor volcanic eruption there is an IMMEDIATE and MEASURABLE drop in global temperature. Just imagine a supervolcano erupting for 200,000 years and the effect thta would have on the temperature.

New evidence also shows that the lava was boiling the local salt deposits and that created a host of toxic gasses chief among them methyl chloride which is now theorized to have depleted the ozone (of course extreme cold is also KNOWN to deplete ozone). Fossils from the time indicate a large number of mutations cropping up at that time lending further creedence to theory.

In short, there is STILL no evidence of clathrates causing run away warming. there is tons of evidence showing extreme cold as a possibility.

Either your reading skills or your comprehension really sucks, walleyedretard. Probably both.

"There is strong evidence that global temperatures increased by about 6 °C (10.8 °F) near the equator and therefore by more at higher latitudes"

"However, only one sufficiently powerful cause has been proposed for the global 10 ‰ reduction in the 13C/12C ratio: the release of methane from methane clathrates"

"However, over long periods of time (thousands or millions of years), multiple eruptions of giant volcanoes, such as the flood basalt volcanoes, can raise the carbon dioxide levels enough to cause significant global warming."


***

Yo RT.............if the deniers are so deranged and off base on this stuff, why are you.........who represents the slam dunk consensus contingent......... always so angst, angry and miserable???


Whats up with that?


And why do you always post up the same 3 or 4 links every time you are on here?

 

[skookerasbil]

 

[code1211]

I see a lot of "could haves, I see no empirical data to support the theory. Not one bit.

That is because you are a blind, uneducated, brainwashed fool trying to twist science to suit your political agenda.

However we KNOW that whenever there is a minor volcanic eruption there is an IMMEDIATE and MEASURABLE drop in global temperature. Just imagine a supervolcano erupting for 200,000 years and the effect thta would have on the temperature.

New evidence also shows that the lava was boiling the local salt deposits and that created a host of toxic gasses chief among them methyl chloride which is now theorized to have depleted the ozone (of course extreme cold is also KNOWN to deplete ozone). Fossils from the time indicate a large number of mutations cropping up at that time lending further creedence to theory.

In short, there is STILL no evidence of clathrates causing run away warming. there is tons of evidence showing extreme cold as a possibility.

Either your reading skills or your comprehension really sucks, walleyedretard. Probably both.

"There is strong evidence that global temperatures increased by about 6 °C (10.8 °F) near the equator and therefore by more at higher latitudes"

"However, only one sufficiently powerful cause has been proposed for the global 10 ‰ reduction in the 13C/12C ratio: the release of methane from methane clathrates"

"However, over long periods of time (thousands or millions of years), multiple eruptions of giant volcanoes, such as the flood basalt volcanoes, can raise the carbon dioxide levels enough to cause significant global warming."


***

Yo RT.............if the deniers are so deranged and off base on this stuff, why are you.........who represents the slam dunk consensus contingent......... always so angst, angry and miserable???


Whats up with that?


And why do you always post up the same 3 or 4 links every time you are on here?

In a courtroom room, lawyers live by the following when arguing their case:

If you have the facts, then pound the facts.

If you have the law, then pound the law.

If you have neither the facts nor law, then pound the table.

 

[konradv]

Are we really surprised? Denial becomes a habit, whether its lifestyle or scientific theories!

 

[westwall]

Are we really surprised? Denial becomes a habit, whether its lifestyle or scientific theories!

And you still can't answer the question..."what are the deniers, denying?"