If judges claim a political affiliation and are elected--then their political party probably is a good indicator of how they will rule.
As far as appointed positions..who appointed them really does not matter. The president recommends someone..and his party, usually rallies behind them.
IMO..the best Federal judges are those that are recommended by a President of one party and confirmed by a majority in the Senate composed of the opposite party.
Compromise often brings the best person to the job.
Partisan rubber stamping can result in biased judges. the SCOTUS is a different animal though---once a guy gets a job for life..all bets are off.
Looks to me that both political parties act like, well, political parties.
While US congressmen are usually members of the Democratic or Republican party, they are theoretically under no obligation to vote according to the majority opinion of their party. But just how often do members of Congress or Senate vote against their own party?
According to the Brookings Institution, the answer for 2014 was
94% of House Democrats
95% of House Republicans
99% of Senate Democrats
90% of Senate Republicans
This is the percentage of members who voted with the majority of their party on average. Note that for any particular vote, this means that at least 50% have to vote with their party. Because whatever side more than 50% chooses is the one that counts.
If you want the against numbers, I guess subtract from 100%. But this is the form in which Brookings had them.
This data is from Table 4 in Chapter 8.
FiveThirtyEight has a more recent table for agreement with Donald Trump. However, they don't have an alternative way to measure how often Democrats agree with Democrats. And of course there may be some issues on which Congressional Republicans disagree with Trump while agreeing with each other. Also, this measure is on an individual basis rather than for the parties as a whole. I mention it because, well, at least it's current.