Palestinian non-violent resistance is not a new phenomenon - it goes back to the early 20th century. For example:
1902 - residents of the Palestinian villages of al-Shajara, Misha and Melhamiyya held a collective non-violent protest against the takeover of 70,000 dunums of village agricultural land by Zionist settlers
1936 - Palestinians staged a 6-month non-violent strike against the British Mandate, protesting the British government’s refusal to grant Palestinians self-determination
In fact, it was not until the 1970s (after decades of expulsion and displacement by Zionist militias and the Israeli army, after decades of Israel’s continuing confiscation of Palestinian property, and after decades of the international community’s failure to resolve the situation, compel Israel to abide by international law, or even restrain it from further violations against the Palestinians) that the Palestinian refugees in the camps outside Palestine started armed struggle.
There have been many, many Palestinian leaders (in addition to Barghouti as mentioned in the OP) who have led non-violent protests. Most of them have been arrested or deported by Israel. Here are just a few:
Mubarak Awad (known as the Arab Gandhi, founder of the Palestinan Center for the Study of Nonviolence, and the Nonviolence International organization) - led nobn-violent protests during the First Intifada - deported by Israel
Abdallah Abu Rahma - high school teacher and founder of the Popular Committee against the Wall and Settlements in Bil‘in - arrested by Israel for (among other accusations) distributing Palestinian flags to the demonstrators (which is still considered a “security offense” under Israeli military regulations) and collecting empty sound and gas grenades and spent M16 bullets used by Israeli soldiers against non-violent protestors, and displaying them in the village’s museum.
Jamal Juma’ - human rights activist, coordinator of the Stop the Wall Campaign - arrested and jailed by Israel
Mohammed Othman - human rights activist, youth coordinator with the “Stop the Wall Campaign,” and leader of non-violent demonstrations against the settlement of Zufim and Israel’s Wall, which have devastated his village of Jayyous - arrested by Israel and detained without charge for 4 months
The First Intifada (1987-1993) consisted of mostly non-violent protests - peaceful demonstrations, refusal to pay taxes to Israel, and boycotts of Israeli products and services. For example:
1986 - the East Jerusalem Arabic Daily called for a Palestinian boycott of Israeli-made cigarettes, which expanded to include the boycott of Israeli soap, food, water, clothes, and other items.
1988 Tax Revolt in Beit Sahour - under the slogan “No Taxation without Representation” - brutally crushed by Israel. Residents were beaten and detained without trial, and homes in the village were raided and the residents’ possessions confiscated - the items, including children’s toys, were auctioned off in Israel. Israel’s Defense Minister at the time was Yitzhak Rabin, who said he would break the tax revolt at any cost, even if it meant keeping the village under curfew for months.
There have been thousands of non-violent protests over the past 6 years against the construction of Israel’s Wall on Palestinian land.
All of these non-violent protests have been virtually ignored in the American press.
Meanwhile, the Israeli government’s policy has been to suppress non-violent protests with brutal, overwhelming force - using live ammunition, rubber-coated steel bullets, and tear gas to disperse crowds, even showering them with sewage water and chemicals. Protesters have been beaten and arrested. Israel also uses tactics like destruction of property, harrassment, intimidation and collective punishment of villages to suppress protests.
Here is an example of what usually happens - remember that these are Palestinian protesters on their own land, demonstrating against Israel’s Annexation Wall which is slicing right through their village’s land:
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Many Palestinians taking part in non-violent protests have been murdered by Israeli soldiers - for instance Bassem Abu Rahma who was shot to death during a peaceful protest in Bil’in. Thousands more have been wounded, and thousands arrested.
Bottom line: Most Palestinians - more than 99% of them - are engaging in non-violent resistance against the Israeli occupation every single day of their lives, as they have for more than 40 years:
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