PERI: : Searching for the Supposed Benefits of Higher Inequality: Impacts of Rising Top Shares on the Standard of Living of Low and Middle-Income Families
The results of this study indicate that increases in the top share of income (whether of the top 10 percent or top one percent) lead to declines in the actual incomes (and earnings) of low and middle income households.
WHY DOES INEQUALITY LOWER
INCOMES?
There are a number of ways that increasing concentrations
of income and wealth could lead to lower income
and earnings among non-affluent households. For example,
if the rich spend a larger portion of their income
on luxury items, imports, travel, or in other ways that do
little to boost domestic demand, then concentrating
more income in fewer hands could undermine local and
regional economies. And when affluent households
invest in stocks, bonds, and privately-held corporations
in other states or countries, there is no obvious way
that the savings of the rich boost a particular state or
local economy. Ultimately, the basic economic behavior
of the rich could be steadily undermining the economic
conditions that supported rising incomes for low and
middle-income households for so many decades.
Another driver behind this trend is what Robert Reich
called the “secession of the successful”—the rise in affluent
families who live in gated communities, send their
children to private schools, and increasingly oppose
paying for public services. This segregation undermines
the tax base in lower-income communities making it
harder to afford schools and other public services.