Finally, signs we are in the 21st Century.
First launch scheduled to launch from Texas before the end of the year.
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CubeSats are small, only about twice the size of a Rubik's Cube. As the name suggests, they're cube-shaped, 4 inches on each side, and weigh in at about 3 pounds. But with the miniaturization of electronics, it's become possible to pack a sophisticated mission into a tiny package.
But with the advent of smartphones, Goldberg says, engineers started getting really good at packing a bunch of electronics into a small space. CubeSats started getting more sophisticated, and the cost of electronics that could be used in space came down. Scientists started to take notice.
Finding water would be a boon for future attempts to sustain human habitats on the moon. "It would be a resource for living off the land if we could find enough of it there," Cohen says.
"We are using a solar sail as our primary propulsion system," says
Tiffany Russell Lockett, an engineer NASA's
Marshall Space Flight Center. She's working on a CubeSat mission called
NEA Scout that's heading for an asteroid.
"A solar sail is large, thin-film reflective surface," Lockett says. "Think of like a sailboat or a large kite. But instead of using wind to propel itself, it uses sunlight."
The sail is folded up for launch, a process done by hand that takes weeks. Unfurled, the sail is bigger than a highway billboard, completely dwarfing the tiny box it
emerged from.
Shkolnik studies the radiation environment around stars that have planets orbiting them. Understanding that environment will be crucial in determining whether exoplanets have atmospheres. To do that work, she needs to point a telescope at the stars for as long as possible. That's why she's working on a CubeSat called
SPARCS, the Star-Planet Activity Research CubeSat.
"This way if you build what you need for one very clear experiment, then you can have the full year to do one experiment really well," Shkolnik says.
She thinks more scientists will be turning to miniature satellites in the future.