In one sense, government does create jobs, because (obviously) it employs people. I hope there is enough charity on the left to realize that this can’t possibly be what Steele was getting at. He’s not that stupid, or hypocritical, or forgetful of his own time as a government employee. Government does create jobs, at least in this very narrow sense — jobs like the one Michael Steele used to have.
But in another sense, government doesn’t create jobs. Taxpayers’ money creates jobs. But taxpayers’ money could also create jobs in the private sector, and it is far from a foregone conclusion that it will create more or better jobs in the public sector.
If it hadn’t gone to paying taxes, taxpayers’ money almost certainly would have gone toward creating at least some jobs elsewhere. If we use the money to consume, then the money creates jobs that produce things that we want. If we keep the money as savings, then it produces jobs by providing investment capital. Even hoarding money under the bed (probably the worst use of it, and a minuscule one as well) still satisfies an economic want for some people, and this means that they have more money to use on other economic wants, money being fungible and all.
Thus it is very, very far from clear that the addition of, say 100 extra government jobs can be done without the subtraction of 100 jobs, or more, in the private sector. We should never imagine that, when a government program creates 100 jobs, these jobs are cost-free and just materialize out of thin air. Yet that’s exactly what we are being asked to do — to disregard the job-creating power of the private sector entirely.
We should also resist the conclusion that government jobs represent an efficient use of economic inputs that the market just somehow failed to find.
Not only is finding new economic opportunities rather hard even in the private sector, but legislators’ incentives usually run in the opposite direction: They don’t want to turn a profit. Indeed, they take obvious delight at doing things that never could and never will. And they typically don’t want to work on something obscure or counterintuitive, something that perhaps private firms would have to struggle to find.