Ok, considering the various systems you've presented, let's try to reduce this to two fundamental options:
1. Families prepare before having children by putting money aside, and/or getting help from friends, family, and willing employers.
2. All people (or all business owners) within an arbitrary boundary (a nation) are forced by violent coercion to pay for other people to stay home and not work, in order to relieve those people of the personal responsibility associated with a voluntary choice they have made.
You'll excuse my reluctance to use euphemisms like "mandatory paid maternity leave", but I want to present the choices as accurately as possible. So, which one do you think is more moral and reasonable?
Th choices you list are based on a false dichotomy and several false assumptions, and fail to include the very real issues with either of your choices.
Option number one assumes that the parents have sufficient income to provide for all of their family's needs, including health insurance, with enough left over to save for that period of time when the wife will have no income at all.
It further assumes that if the family is unable to set aside enough money for this period, they have family and friends who can or would assist them.
As Mitt Romney pointed out, 47% of the population is dependent on some form of social assistance to get by. That would mean that 47% of the population are NOT in a position to save up for the birth of a child, nor are they in a position to assist family or friends who need their help.
Option number 2 is completely false. It assumes that governments impose laws without public consultation; that jaws are enacted that the people oppose and don’t want; and that those laws don’t benefit the majority of its constituents. It further assumes that the politicians aren’t democratically elected and are not subject to the will of the people.
In a well run democracy, the mandate to provide paid maternity leave is instituted by a democratically elected government after public consultation with its citizens, and its business leaders, to the benefit of its people. Should the people decide the program isn’t working, or they no longer wish it to continue, you simply have to elect people who will change the law.
My choices are meant to speak to the fundamental principles at play. Sound, rational principles can withstand any objections made on the level of particulars.
Option 1 doesn't assume people can afford having a child. If people don't have the means to support everything involved, they can simply not have one. Your objection seems to propose that people MUST be enabled to have babies no matter what, even it if means robbing other people to do it.
Option 2 could not be more accurately stated; it has simply been stripped of euphemization of verbiage, and obfuscation of principle. Permit me to bypass the "hows" and "whys" of legislation and cut right to the chase; for if the root can be showed to be severed, we need not concern ourselves with branches.
Democratic election is a bit philosophically demanding to explore, and I've yet to meet any supporter of government willing to do so in earnest. Perhaps you will be the first. The assumption here is that if a majority of people vote for something, then it's valid. This is simply false. Consensus does not equal validity.
If I build a boat, that boat is created by the labor of my body and mind, both of which are exclusively my "property" (rightfully owned by me in the most fundamental sense). By extension, that boat becomes my property. All the consensus in the world does not give you the moral right to take that boat away from me without my consent. You may have the ability to take it, via force, but not the natural law right. Similarly, if I exchange that boat for money, that money falls under the same right of ownership as the boat it was exchanged for, and you have no right to take any portion of it from me.
If you do not
personally have the right to take that boat, or that money, away from me, how do you suppose that you may validly delegate that "right" someone else? If you do not have the right to tax me personally, under threat of violence, how do you "grant" that right to government? The answer is that you
don't grant that right, because you
can't. You only believe that you can, but you are wrong. You cannot give something you don't have. You do not have the right to tax, or otherwise rule me in any way, and neither does your "delegate", either by himself, or by your vote. It doesn't matter how many people you get to agree with you, it doesn't matter what's written on parchment, or what oaths people take - you can
never, by any ritual - political or otherwise - create rights out of thin air, for yourself or anyone else.
Please address this objection before expounding upon the legitimacy of a "well run democracy".