Doesn't the budget begin at zero each year? Then the mandated spending is added. If the mandated spending takes us into a deficit then we have only congress to blame. If there is additional spending after that, we have congress and the President to blame. It would be interesting to know just how much of the deficit is mandated........(if any)
ollie, i believe the budget process does not begin with zero each year...it begins like all businesses....you begin with what you did last year....what you spent in different categories or what you spent in different departments like the Dept of Defense etc., if government.
Then, you take what was divided up and spent to run all the departments from the previous year, and work this year's spending off of that....ie. you can downsize this dept so much or you can increase that dept so much, all looking at last year, and depending on the department's needs, also keeping in mind how much you will take in as revenues....if they are shy on revenues, then they borrow the money to make up the difference.
(of course in business, one is limited by what they can borrow, whereas our govt has no restraint)
No President in our History, has begun their budget, any other way, as far as I know...they do not begin with what they have in revenues to spend....as said, they begin with what was spent last year to run the country....and they can not just wipe out the previous years running deficit spending per area of business or per department, overnight...they can work slowly... reducing the size of govt by each department....so to not wipe out the Military, as an example with a 50% reduction from the previous year...(military people as example can not be reduced 50% overnight...they have contracts so to say, that have to be met with the individual and one can only reduce the forces gradually, by not recruiting as many, or by requesting old timers to retire etc.) and the Defense department also has contracts with the private sector that are obligated, which would also take breaking such contracts etc and an entire legal process that takes time. There is some leeway on spending but not much that can be done in the immediate sense without having to calcualte the repercussions of such....
Same with all other depts as well....let's say you want to cut food stamps by 50%...wiping out 50% of the people needing foodstamps overnight is just not feasible without, possible grave consequences...it could be done slowly though....
So, budgets are compared to the previous year's budget, this is the beginning point on planning a budget.
Even taking President Bush's first budget, he began with no deficits, but an actual budget surplus....he came out and told all of us, that he was going to take that surplus that they were running and he inherited in revenues from the previous year and give it back to us in a tax cuts...he began with what happened with the previous years running budget.
(the only problem I have with what President Bush did, is that he took the Surplus in revenues that came from SOCIAL SECURITY taxes collected, and gave it as a Tax break to those who paid income taxes and not to those that actually gave the government their surplus, the social security tax payers....and as you know, at the time the millionaires and anyone making over $96 k at the time, paid no social security tax above that 96k for their earnings....so to me it was a reverse Robinhood....they took taxes paid by the "worker" and for the most part they gave that in income tax breaks to the likes of people like Bill Gates and Warren Buffet who paid no social security taxes at all...)
Care