The United States currently has about 3,550 service members in Iraq, with about 2,750 of those aiding Iraqi security forces as trainers, advisers or support staff, according to U.S. Central Command data released to VOA. Some 100 of these are special forces, according to defense officials. There are also 50 U.S. special operations forces in Syria.
Iraqi, U.S. and Spanish soldiers participate in a training mission outside Baghdad, Iraq
‘The front lines’
Last week, Carter told service members at Fort Campbell, Kentucky, that U.S. special operators have unique capabilities, from intelligence gathering to "the ability to provide advice and assistance, or accompany local forces to the front lines." Despite assertions from the Obama administration that the U.S. is "not in a combat role" in Iraq and Syria, some officials appear mixed as to whether special forces are on the front lines in the war against the Islamic State. "The SOF [special operations forces] in Syria are going to have to get to the front lines to get the best situational awareness of what's there," a U.S. official who wished to remain anonymous told VOA. "To truly understand — do they need more weapons? Do they need more ammunition? Who are the right partners? They've got to go out there and see it for themselves," he added.
U.S. special operations forces watch forces from Iraq, Jordan and Lebanon during a multinational military exercise in Zarqa, Jordan.
Another U.S. official told VOA that "the guys in Syria aren't hanging out on a base," but he wasn't aware of them going to the front lines. They were "advising and assisting" local fighters, he said. But the so-called advise-and-assist role sometimes glosses over what's really going on with special forces, according to Michael Weiss, the author of the book ISIS: Inside the Army of Terror. "I don't think special forces are sent in to advise anything. They're sent in to kill people, to offer backup to somewhat reliable and trustworthy militant proxies," Weiss told VOA.
A U.S. service member salutes her fallen comrades during a memorial ceremony for six airmen killed in a suicide attack, at Bagram Air Field, Afghanistan
Even if the military wanted to discuss the activities of the approximately 7,500 special operations forces deployed to at least 85 countries on any given week, the work done by those elite teams is often shielded from the public. "Most of it is classified," said Ken McGraw, the spokesman for U.S. Special Operations Command.
‘Incredibly important' in fighting IS