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The veto of Federal funds for embryonic stem cell research has not prevented continuing American efforts in the field:
Status of embryonic stem cell research in America: The Hinxton Group: Americas Map
Status of embryonic stem cell research in America: The Hinxton Group: Americas Map
Neurologically Impaired Mice Improve After Receiving Human Fetal Stem Cells
Complete article: http://images.cell.com/images/edimages/news/press_releases/Goldman.pdf
Scientists (at the University of Rochester) report a dramatic success in what may be the first documented rescue of a congenital brain disorder by transplantation of human neural stem cells. The research, published by Cell Press in the June issue of the journal Cell Stem Cell, may lead the way to new strategies for treating certain hereditary and perinatal neurological disorders
The neurological recovery and survival of the mice receiving transplants was in sharp contrast to the fate of their untreated controls, which uniformly died by five months,
Complete article: Cell Stem Cell -- Windrem et al.
Congenitally hypomyelinated shiverer mice fail to generate compact myelin and die by 1821 weeks of age. Using multifocal anterior and posterior fossa delivery of sorted fetal human glial progenitor cells into neonatal shiverer mice, we achieved whole neuraxis myelination of the engrafted hosts, which in a significant fraction of cases rescued this otherwise lethal phenotype. The transplanted mice exhibited greatly prolonged survival with progressive resolution of their neurological deficits
Most notably, the implanted animals exhibited a substantial recovery of normal neurological phenotype, such that a fraction were frankly rescued by perinatal transplantation, surviving well over a year until sacrificed for histology, which revealed a remyelinatedand essentially humanizedcentral white matter. The neurological recovery and sustained survival of these transplanted mice was in sharp contrast to the fate of their untreated controls, which uniformly died by 5 months of age. To our knowledge, these data represent the first outright rescue of a congenital hypomyelinating disorder by means of a stem or progenitor cell transplantation and indicate that neonatal glial progenitor cell transplantation may prove an effective means of treating disorders of hereditary and perinatal hypomyelination.
Stem Cells 'Could Have Helped Lorenzo Odone'
By Roger Highfield, Science Editor
Last Updated: 5:01pm BST 04/06/2008
Complete article: Stem cells 'could have helped Lorenzo Odone' - Telegraph
Evidence that brain injections of stem cells could help to treat cerebral palsy and many other severe childhood neurological diseases [is] published today.
Just last week, Lorenzo Odone, whose battle with one such disease, adrenoleukodystrophy, was featured in the film Lorenzo's Oil, died and there is no effective treatment for any of these conditions.
Now preparations are under way for human trials of stem cells, after a team found that they can dramatically improve the condition of mice with a neurological condition similar to these childhood diseases, many of which are fatal.
In the journal Cell Stem Cell, a team at the University of Rochester Medical Centre, New York, reports how they injected approximately 300,000 human stem cells into the brain of each mouse, choosing five particular spots because of their ability to serve as "launch pads" for stem cells to migrate and colonize the entire brain and spinal cord.
With a one-time injection of stem cells just after birth, the scientists were able to repair defective wiring throughout the brain and spinal cord - the entire central nervous system - of mutant "shiverer mice," so called because of the way they shake and wobble. The work marks an important step toward the day when stem cells become an option for the treatment of neurological diseases in people.
The team used a type of fetal human cell - glial stem cell - to treat a condition that normally claims their lives within about 20 weeks of birth, after a lifetime of seizures and other serious consequences.
While most of the 26 mice that received transplants still died, a group of six lived far beyond their usual lifespan, and four appeared to be completely cured - a first for shiverer mice. "We kept expecting them to die. Not only did they not die, but they improved day by day," says the head of the team, Prof Steven Goldman
The scientists plan to gather more evidence before trying the approach in sick children. "It's extremely exciting to think about not only treating but actually curing a disease, particularly an awful disease that affects children," says Prof Goldman.
"Unfortunately, right now, we can do little more for many of these conditions besides tell parents to prepare for their kids to die."
Thousands of children with rare, fatal disorders known as pediatric leukodystrophies share a central problem with the shiverer mice: their brain cells lack sufficient myelin, a vital fatty coating that wraps around cells in the brain like insulation around an electrical wire.