Warning, do not read this article if you are allergic to science research papers, of which about 28 presentations and published papers are listed by source in the article.
Principia Scientific International
Masks: A Review Of Science Relevant To COVID-19 Social Policy
Published on July 6, 2020
Written by Denis G. Rancourt, PhD
Excerpt:
Masks and respirators will not work against COVID-19. There have been extensive randomized controlled trial (RCT) studies, and meta-analysis reviews of RCT studies, which all show that masks and respirators do not work to prevent respiratory influenza-like illnesses, or respiratory illnesses believed to be transmitted by droplets and aerosol particles.
Furthermore, the relevant known physics and biology, which I review, are such that masks and respirators should not work. It would be a paradox if masks and respirators worked, given what we know about viral respiratory diseases: The main transmission path is long-residence-time aerosol particles (< 2.5 μm), which are too fine to be blocked, and the minimum-infective dose is smaller than one aerosol particle.
The present paper about masks illustrates the degree to which governments, the mainstream media, and institutional propagandists can decide to operate in a science vacuum, or select only incomplete science that serves their interests. Such recklessness is also certainly the case with the current global lockdown of over 1 billion people, an unprecedented experiment in medical and political history.
Review of the Medical Literature
Here are key anchor points to the extensive scientific literature that establishes that wearing surgical masks and respirators (e.g., “N95”) does not reduce the risk of contracting a verified illness:
LINK
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Lets see if leftists will ignore another batch of published masks research....
First study.
Conclusion: Face mask use in health care workers has not been demonstrated to provide benefit in terms of cold symptoms or getting colds. A larger study is needed to definitively establish noninferiority of no mask use.
Second study.
There is some evidence to support the wearing of masks or respirators during illness to protect others, and public health emphasis on mask wearing during illness may help to reduce influenza virus transmission.
Third study.
One hospital-
based trial found a lower rate of clinical respiratory illness
associated with non-fit-tested N95 respirator use compared with
medical masks. Eight of nine retrospective observational studies
found that mask and ⁄ or respirator use was independently
associated with a reduced risk of severe acute respiratory
syndrome (SARS).
Fourth study
Transmission of acute respiratory infections occurs primarily by contact and droplet routes, and accordingly, the use of a surgical mask, eye protection, gown and gloves should be considered appropriate personal protective equipment when providing routine care for a patient with a transmissible acute respiratory infection.
Fifth study
With one exception [30], case-control studies consistently reported a protective effect of medical masks against SARS [31, 32, 34] (Appendix B, Table 2). Compared to “no rPPE” controls, N95 respirators conferred protection against confirmed SARS-CoV infection in 2 of 3 case-control studies [32, 33]; no protective effect against SARS was reported for disposable [29, 34], cotton [35], or paper [32] masks (Appendix B,
Sixt study
This just takes mask effectiveness as a given and is a comparison between surgical mask vs N95 respirators.
Seventh study
N95 respirators are used to prevent users from inhaling
small airborne particles and must fit tightly to the user’s face. Surgical
masks are designed to protect wearers from microorganism transmis-
sion and fit loosely to the user’s face.
5,6
Although surgical masks cannot
prevent inhalation of small airborne particles, both of them can protect
users from large droplets and sprays
I'm not allergic to reviewing a batch of mask research. I just read some. Seems NONE doubt they help.
Typically dishonest post, here is what the
first study actually states:
doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2008.11.002. Epub 2009 Feb 12.
Use of Surgical Face Masks to Reduce the Incidence of the Common Cold Among Health Care Workers in Japan: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Joshua L Jacobs 1,
Sachiko Ohde 2,
Osamu Takahashi 3,
Yasuharu Tokuda 3,
Fumio Omata 3,
Tsuguya Fukui 3
Affiliations expand
Abstract
Background: Health care workers outside surgical suites in Asia use surgical-type face masks commonly. Prevention of upper respiratory infection is one reason given, although evidence of effectiveness is lacking.
Methods: Health care workers in a tertiary care hospital in Japan were randomized into 2 groups: 1 that wore face masks and 1 that did not. They provided information about demographics, health habits, and quality of life. Participants recorded symptoms daily for 77 consecutive days, starting in January 2008. Presence of a cold was determined based on a previously validated measure of self-reported symptoms. The number of colds between groups was compared, as were risk factors for experiencing cold symptoms.
Results: Thirty-two health care workers completed the study, resulting in 2464 subject days.
There were 2 colds during this time period, 1 in each group. Of the 8 symptoms recorded daily, subjects in the mask group were significantly more likely to experience headache during the study period (P < .05). Subjects living with children were more likely to have high cold severity scores over the course of the study.
Conclusion: Face mask use in health care workers has not been demonstrated to provide benefit in terms of cold symptoms or getting colds. A larger study is needed to definitively establish noninferiority of no mask use.
red bolding mine
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Second study, the 8 page
PDF you never read:
REVIEW ARTICLE Face masks to prevent transmission of influenza virus: a systematic review B. J. COWL ING1 *, Y. ZHOU1 , D. K. M. IP1 , G. M. LEUNG1 AND A. E. A IELLO2 1 School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China 2 Department of Epidemiology, Center for Social Epidemiology & Population Health, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA (Accepted 16 December 2009; first published online 22 January 2010)
SUMMARY Influenza viruses circulate around the world every year. From time to time new strains emerge and cause global pandemics. Many national and international health agencies recommended the use of face masks during the 2009 influenza A (H1N1) pandemic. We reviewed the English-language literature on this subject to inform public health preparedness. There is some evidence to support the wearing of masks or respirators during illness to protect others, and public health emphasis on mask wearing during illness may help to reduce influenza virus transmission.
There are fewer data to support the use of masks or respirators to prevent becoming infected. Further studies in controlled settings and studies of natural infections in healthcare and community settings are required to better define the effectiveness of face masks and respirators in preventing influenza virus transmission.
red bolding mine
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Third study:
There are limited data on the use of masks and respirators to
reduce transmission of influenza. A systematic review was
undertaken to help inform pandemic influenza guidance in the
United Kingdom. The initial review was performed in November
2009 and updated in June 2010 and January 2011. Inclusion
criteria included randomised controlled trials and quasi-
experimental and observational studies of humans published in
English with an outcome of laboratory-confirmed or clinically-
diagnosed influenza and other viral respiratory infections. There
were 17 eligible studies.
Six of eight randomised controlled trials
found no significant differences between control and
intervention groups (masks with or without hand hygiene;
N95 ⁄ P2 respirators). One household trial found that mask
wearing coupled with hand sanitiser use reduced secondary
transmission of upper respiratory infection ⁄ influenza-like
illness ⁄ laboratory-confirmed influenza compared with education;
hand sanitiser alone resulted in no reduction. One hospital-
based trial found a lower rate of clinical respiratory illness
associated with non-fit-tested N95 respirator use compared with
medical masks. Eight of nine retrospective observational studies
found that mask and ⁄ or respirator use was independently
associated with a reduced risk of severe acute respiratory
syndrome (SARS).
Findings, however, may not be applicable to
influenza and many studies were suboptimal. None of the
studies established a conclusive relationship between
mask ⁄ respirator use and protection against influenza infection.
Some evidence suggests that mask use is best undertaken as part
of a package of personal protection especially hand hygiene. The
effectiveness of masks and respirators is likely linked to early,
consistent and correct usage.
Introduction
Personal protective equipment to help reduce transmission
of influenza is generally advised according to the risk of
exposure to the influenza virus and the degree of infectivity
and human pathogenicity of the virus.
The paucity of sci-
entific evidence upon which to base guidance for the use of
masks and respirators in healthcare and community set-
tings has been a particularly vexing issue for policymakers.
The Health Protection Agency (HPA) undertook a scien-
tific evidence-based review of the use of masks and respira-
tors in an influenza pandemic to inform relevant guidance
following the emergence of pandemic A (H1N1) 2009
influenza. The Department of Health commissioned the
HPA to update the review in support of the revision of the
United Kingdom (UK) influenza pandemic preparedness
strategy.
1The review was published on-line at: http://
www.dh.gov.uk/prod_consum_dh/groups/dh_digitalassets/
documents/digitalasset/dh_125425.pdf. A further update of
the evidence base subsequently was performed in January
2011 and described herein
red boldings mine
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Don't need to continue here to show that you made a blatantly dishonest post.
