This isn't rocket science.
If you live in a jungle and you see a dark cave you are fearful of going in it. Rightfully so.
If you then gingerly ease your way in with a torch and explore the cave and find nothing in there to harm you your fear of this cave diminishes greatly. If you then visit this same cave over and over for years and you find nothing in there to harm you your fear of the cave is gone. You know the place, you know the dangers. The dangers you imagined were proven wrong. You have become 'educated' on the reality of the cave.
That's it. Knowledge allays fear that is founded on lack of that knowledge. We don't fear 'volcano gods' though we still respect and understand the REAL dangers of volcanos. The same with Earthquakes. The more we learn the less abstract and misguided fear we have and the more realistic view of the real dangers. Fear is replaced with respect and knoweldge.
Conservatives brains are hardwired to be more fearful than others, which long ago was a huge asset. Before humans knew about the processes of life and how to control them everything seemed to be out to kill us so those who avoided these things survived more often. But with the knowledge we've gained the last thousand years our unfounded fear of almost everything has been replaced with understanding of the natural forces and respect for those natural forces.
The fear of 'the other' is the same. Go eat dinner with a race of people you know nothing about and you'll find you may not like everything they serve but they eat dinner like you, they laugh, the love their children, and they want to get ahead in life and be left alone. The fear is replaced with understanding that 'different' isn't an evil thing.
Conservatives are, for the most part, reactionaries – frightened by change, diversity, and dissent.
And that fear, conjoined by ignorance, results in bigotry, which is used to ‘justify’ opposing change, stifling diversity, punishing dissent, and compelling conformity.
Conservatives’ unwarranted hostility toward gay and transgender Americans, immigrants and immigration, racial minorities, and Muslims are all evidence of that fear of change, diversity, and dissent.
This wouldn’t be much of an issue had conservatives simply relegated their fear and bigotry to their private lives, as they’re at liberty to do as citizens in the context of private society.
But they haven’t.
Rather, they’ve sought to disadvantage those whom they fear through force of law, crossing the line from the realm of politics into the realm of citizens’ rights and protected liberties, and placing those rights and protected liberty in jeopardy by making them ‘fair game’ in the polarized conflict of partisan politics, in violation of the rule of law, and contrary to the fundamental tenets of our Constitutional Republic.