Treat this as a primary lesson for everybody who really wants truth and no BS.
I mean ignore what you came here thinking you know. Truth will set us all free.
This is not very short. It requires you learn from scientists.
Old news. Science is way ahead of this. Just this week we have the first actual pictures of chromatin loops unfolding during the cell division process. And we already know how the microtubules work. It won't be but 6 months till we figure out the physics behind all this.
For the past 10 years science has been working backwards through the Hox genes and the stem cells to study the physics of embryology. Until we figure that out, we won't be able to create designer species.
But you don't have to worry, it'll be next to impossible to create a fruit fly with the brain of a dog. Or vice versa.
Nevertheless, we continue making huge strides on a daily basis. The immunological expression of cell surface proteins is very close to being completely figured out. We already have the complete protein maps for humans, and we know which genes code for which proteins. The missing link is only the transcription factors.
Brains are a little harder. Neurons work together with glial cells and mitochondria to make it all happen. And there are still many mysteries on the electrical side. We do know that neurons, just like T cells, cleave their DNA in certain places during the learning process. And we already know all about the self organization of neural pathways during development.
At this point we understand the visual system quite well, across the entire range of species. The auditory system is harder, we know how it works in bats but not in humans. In another thread I just showed you the complete map of the visual system of a fruit fly, which includes the genes that code for every differentiable protein in every single neuron. It'll only be another year till they trace that backward through the stem cells.
Mice are also very well studied. There's already a huge commercial industry in designer mice. There's about 150,000 types of mice available with single-gene mutations, ranging across the entire spectrum of organs and cell types. New ones get created every day, as the need arises.
No one debates evolution anymore. Engineering is the thing now. It doesn't much matter how God did it, what matters is how WE can do it.