I am not sure what you mean here. I'm talking about the overall fossil record for whales:
The Origin of Whales and the Power of Independent Evidence for one thing. Also, "vestigial" does not necessarily mean non-functioning and the fact that a particular system or organ now performs one function doesn't mean it wasn't originally used for a different function - hind legs evolving into "limbs" that help with copulation.
If I may borrow a quote from you,
"Correlation doesn't necessarily equal causation." Similarly, just because you have bones sitting in the ground does not mean that you can say what those bones were used for. It is you job to prove that those were legs.
Imagination isn't proof.
Very true, but - if you have enough pieces of evidence to put together enough of a picture to see a trend or to make comparisons with modern day animals you can put forth a theory that has a enough facts to support causation (either that or a hell of a lot of unbelievable coincidences - now which is more believable?).
In the case of the whale, there is a substantial fossil record showing the evolution of the hind limbs leading to vestigial remnants that now act to facilitate copulation. And it's not just the vestigial hind limbs that whales retain from their land-living ancestry, they have vestigial olfactory nerves, a remnant of an exterior opening of the ear canal, a number of small muscles devoted to nonexistent external ears, the diaphragm, which in whales is vestigial and has very little muscle because whales do not use that for breathing. These changes are supported in the fossil record and the living animal.
Such as what? I'm not saying it doesn't have problems - that is why it is still very much a theory, but it explains certain things quite well.
Such as who would this new spontaneous life form mate with to keep from going extinct?
Because that isn't the way evolution works - it doesn't work with individual change but with cumulative genetic changes in a population until they add up to enough that the isolated group can no longer mate with the original population if they meet up again.
Such as we have never observed this occuring productively.
But we have in certain species of insects, fish, and bacteria. If you are talking about observing large scale changes of the kind in the fossil record, we - and the sciences involved - haven't been around long enough.
They don't exist unless they are found. You cannot base your theory on the fact that you assume they exist.
If you have enough other evidence - then yes, you can. If you are putting together a jigsaw puzzle and you are missing 3 pieces, do you assume they never existed or do you assume you simply haven't found them? If the puzzle appears to be a picture of an elephant, and most of the pieces support that conclusion - do you feel reasonably sure of making that conclusion or do you deny it based on the missing pieces?
What particular aspect of the giraffe to do you find contentious? The reason for developing a long neck? (sexual or foraging?) The lack of fossil evidence for transitional forms?
Not "why?" but "how?" There are bunches of reasons why a car should stay on the road, but the important part is "how."
So your issue is with the lack of fossil evidence then?
Which is not really what they mean. They always give examples of a dog turning into another type of dog through breeding which I am okay with. That is observable. But we have never observed a plant turning into a dog or a dog turning into a giraffe or a lizzard turning into a bird. It just don't happen.
No. It happens, but you are mixing together a lot of different things here.
Dogs turning into other types of dogs are still the same species - in fact dogs, coyotes, wolves can all interbreed and produce offspring. They are "breeds" rather than genetically seperate species. Large scale changes take millions of years. We've only been around for a fraction of the time, and our ability to use science even briefer.