Pfizer was first. They weren't involved in Warp Speed, and took no money from Trump.
On July 22, Operation Warp Speed placed an advance-purchase order of $2 billion with Pfizer to manufacture 100 million doses of a COVID-19 vaccine for use in the United States when the vaccine was shown to be safe, effective, licensed, and authorized by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
[51][52][53] Because it is a two-dose vaccine, this would be enough to vaccinate fifty million Americans. (Pfizer contracted to sell twice that amount of vaccine to the European Union.)
[54] On November 9, the
Pfizer-
BioNTech partnership announced positive early results from its Phase III trial of the
BNT162b2 vaccine candidate, and on December 11, the FDA provided
emergency use authorization, initiating the distribution of the vaccine.
[55]
Pfizer initially said it was not a participant in Operation Warp Speed because it did not accept taxpayer funds for research and development, but the White House said the government's advance-order purchase for a hundred million doses of vaccine made Pfizer a participant.
[56] Company representatives said in November that "the company is part of Operation Warp Speed as a supplier of a potential coronavirus vaccine,"
[57] and that "Pfizer is proud to be one of various vaccine manufacturers participating in Operation Warp Speed as a supplier of a potential COVID-19 vaccine."
[58] A spokesperson for Pfizer, however, clarified that they had "not taken federal money for R&D",
[59] but rather its partner, BioNTech, had received substantial funding for accelerated vaccine development and manufacturing from the German government.
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