Yes, online shopping did have a TINY bit to do with it. But BBB corporate dickheads didn't "go with the flow". Just like Sears and other "big box" retailers, they refused to budge when it came to change. And this is the result.
JCPennys took a huge hit in the 80's, and in response, they downsized thier "big box" stores and survived. They brought back the "catalog" stores which was a big part of their continued existence. People placing their orders and wanting to pick them up quickly and efficiently without having to walk through the whole department store. Small locations, about the size of a ice cream parlor.........mostly just customer service and customer pickup, but with a few "in need" items to purchase, usually seasonal items.....like fans, weed whackers, tools, towels, blankets.......and JCP survived the downsize of the 80's and 90's because of the new "personal computer" people were buying, so they could do things at home, such as order from the JCP catalog instead of going to the stores. JCP also had to reorganize once again in the early 2000's to adjust to home shoppers and online marketplaces. Which they did. And they still survive to this day. JCP ADAPTS. THAT is "the name of the game".
Adapt or die.