Is true 'artificial intelligence' possible? Intelligence in the sense that we understand it as a human trait? If so, what does this mean about our view of ourselves and our place in the world? It raises questions of a spiritual and theological nature as well, but I suppose that's for another thread.
Elements of artificial intelligence already exist. An important aspect of human intelligence is pattern recognition. For example, understanding language involves the recognition of audio patterns. There are many systems that are dependent on pattern recognition. There are computer systems that emulate or surpass aspects of human intelligence. For example, language recognition, chess programs, cruise missile guidance systems. Humans have designed chess playing machines that can defeat the best human chess players. Does this mean that regarding pattern recognition chess playing machines are more intelligent than humans? Perhaps it is no more significant than any other machine that is better at its designed task than are humans.
Computational power is an element of intelligence. How much data, and at what speed, can a machine or a human process? Based on its number of neurons, cell connections, and neuron firing speed, a human brain is capable of about 10 trillion calculations per second. This says nothing about useful calculations. But even the simplest acts require huge amounts of data processing, and humans do many things simultaneously, e.g., driving a car while listening to the radio. The current top super computer can process 33 trillion calculations per second, but it is not an example of artificial intelligence. So intelligence involves something more than pattern recognition and data processing.
So what is it about intelligence that humans possess and machines do not? Is it the ability to experience, to abstract? Yes, and more. Will machines someday have these abilities? Yes, and more. The Singularity approaches.
What does this mean about “our place in the world?” We better never lose control of our ability to pull the plug.