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I have just read the Wikipedia article about Ms. Chang's life.
If one reads between the lines very carefully, it is clear why some people may feel that the figure of 300,000 may be inaccurate.
But I've already pointed out to you that Rabe, Smythe, Fitch, and Espy knew that Nanking's population had been 1 million before the mass exodus began. Fitch referred to "the remaining 200,000 of Nanking's population of one million." Rabe specified that "800,000" of the "original population of one million" had fled. Smythe, of course, knew that the city's population had been 1 million, and he mentioned this fact in his survey report. Espy specified that "four-fifths" of the population had fled the city, leaving about 200,000 behind. So your argument just won't work.
Here's the problem with that... you keep trying to pretend that Chinese killed outside the city limits don't count.. like some Chinese pulling a rickshaw with all his worldly possessions was really going to be able to outrun Japanese motorized columns...
But by 1944, Timperly's book was well known and the Chinese had begun to peddle the story that anywhere from 100,000 to 300,000 people had been killed in Nanking. Yet, the War Department, in a film designed to make the Japanese look like monsters, rejected those numbers and went with a figure supported by most of the primary sources.
Uh, check out propaganda about the Nazis during World War II. They had no idea how bad the holocaust was until they liberated the camps.
I just knew you would be ignorant of the facts about General Homma. General Homma did not orchestrate the Bataan Death March and had no idea that some Japanese soldiers were killing prisoners during the march, and his conviction for that war crime is now widely recognized as a travesty of justice. General Homma spent many years in the West as a military attache, was very pro-Western, and was one of the Japanese generals who always called for moderate and tolerant rule and for following the rules of war. Sheesh, for once educate your brainwashed brain:
Homma was shot for murdering 80K Americans and Filipinos... Obviously, you have never been in the military. "I had no idea my men were doing that" is never, ever an excuse for command responsibility. Every leader from Sergeant to General realizes that he is responsible for the conduct of the troops under his command.
The debate about the Nanking Massacre is nothing like the debate about the Holocaust. Only a small handful of fringe pseudo-scholars openly question the Holocaust, and there is undeniable photographic and documentary evidence that the Holocaust occurred.
There is photographic evidence because the Allies caught the Nazis in the Act... (Also, the Germans were proud of what they were doing and documented it.) Also, whenever anyone dares question the Holocaust, you get the usual chorus of survivors screaming and dragging out the picture of poor grandpa who got turned into a lampshade. We need a similar level of shame for Nanking deniers.
Yeah, and you can thank teachers in our high schools and universities who are anti-Israeli bigots like you for such a pathetic polling result. Go read that poll and see the age group with the largest number of doubters: Millennials. It is your side of the political spectrum, the Far Left, that is increasingly turning against Israel, minimizing or denying the Holocaust, excusing the crimes of Hamas and Hezbollah, and even calling for boycotting Israel.
Guy, calling the Zionist entity on it's crimes is hardly excusing the Holocaust.
Most of the Holocaust deniers are on the far right and wear MAGA hats.
Well, she was a very troubled person. She suffered from paranoia, at one point fearing that the CIA was involved in a conspiracy to recruit her without her knowing it.
Anyone who has studied the Second Sino-Japanese War and the Nanking Massacre can quickly spot some serious issues in her book.
LOL! Good grief. Where did you get your history degree again? It wasn't that we didn't know about the Holocaust by 1944; it was that your buddy FDR and his Democratic cronies did not want to make the plight of the Jews a war issue. By mid-July 1943, the U.S. Government absolutely knew that massive numbers of Jews were being killed by the Nazis. You might read the following books:
You are as ignorant about the Palestinian-Israeli conflict and the state of Israel
Furthermore, look at all the videos of BDS rallies--you surely won't see any MAGA hats. It is liberals, not conservatives, who are increasingly bashing Israel, calling for anti-Israeli boycotts, and excoriating Israel every time she defends herself against Palestinian terrorism.
LOL! Good grief. Where did you get your history degree again? It wasn't that we didn't know about the Holocaust by 1944; it was that your buddy FDR and his Democratic cronies did not want to make the plight of the Jews a war issue. By mid-July 1943, the U.S. Government absolutely knew that massive numbers of Jews were being killed by the Nazis. You might read the following books:
Here you go attacking our greatest president again.. .are you sure you are an American?
The reason why no one made a big deal about the Holocaust was NOBODY LIKED THE JEWS. The Holocaust was the end result of 2000 years of anti-Jewish propaganda called "Christianity".
Now, story my dad told me. During WWII, his best buddy was a Jewish guy. They were medics with the First Army. Their CO was also Jewish, and gave them this long speech about how this was personal for him and Dad's buddy. Dad's Buddy said, "I was driving my cab in LA and Hitler wasn't bothering me a bit."
You are as ignorant about the Palestinian-Israeli conflict and the state of Israel
No, I don't buy the LIE of Zionism. The underlying LIE of Zionism is "A land without a people for a people without a land."
THIS IS A LIE. There were people there. They were displaced.
At my heart I am an anti-Imperialist, and Zionism is another form of western imperialism.
Furthermore, look at all the videos of BDS rallies--you surely won't see any MAGA hats. It is liberals, not conservatives, who are increasingly bashing Israel, calling for anti-Israeli boycotts, and excoriating Israel every time she defends herself against Palestinian terrorism.
You mean actually insisting the Zionists act decently? The Zionists are not the good guys here. They are as bad as the Nazis or the Japanese or our 19th Century Americans who slaughtered the Native Americans.
Well, I don't think I need to say much in response to your rather astonishing statements. I think you have made it very clear in your reply (1) that you are an anti-Israeli bigot whose viewpoint on Israel and the Jews closely resembles the Neo-Nazi/Stormfront/radical Muslim viewpoint, (2) that although you claim not to be anti-Semitic, every time you talk about Israel and the Jews, you sound a like a Neo-Nazi or a radical Muslim
(3) that your political ideology seems very pro-totalitarian and anti-Western, and
(4) that you have done no serious research on the Arab-Israeli conflict, on the Nanking Massacre, on FDR's abandonment of the Jews, on the degree of Soviet/Communist penetration and influence in FDR's administration (and in Truman's), and on the Second Sino-Japanese War.
I know this is probably a waste of time, but if you ever decide to educate yourself on the Arab-Israeli conflict, here are some good sources you should read:
After seeing numerous glowing reviews and positive references to Dr. Franco David Macri’s book Clash of Empires in South China: The Allied Nations' Proxy War with Japan, 1935-1941
* The British, the Soviets, and the Americans intervened to prevent the Nationalists from accepting any of the repeated Japanese peace offers. To a significant extent, British policy was influenced by highly/strategically placed Soviet/Communist agents and pro-Soviet sympathizers in the British government.
* The Japanese army’s conduct in southern China was far better than it was in Shanghai and Nanking, and in fact in some places in the south the army’s conduct was so good that it caused many Chinese to either stop supporting the Nationalists or to become indifferent about the Nationalist cause.
Macri’s book Clash of Empires in South China is so packed with important information that it would take two or three more posts just to summarize it. Here are some more points made in the book:
* The Chinese Communists rarely engaged the Japanese army. The only major offensive the Communists launched against the Japanese was the One Hundred Regiments Campaign in northern China, and the only reason the Communists launched that campaign was to keep the Nationalists from making peace with the Japanese because Nationalist morale was so low that the Communists feared the Nationalists were about to halt their war effort and make a deal (pp. 226-227).
* Several key members of the House of Commons (the British legislative body) and Foreign Office officials were so pro-Soviet that they supported Soviet policy goals even during the Hitler-Stalin pact. “Several significant individuals in the House of Commons, such as Labour’s Sir Stafford Cripps, as well as Foreign Office officials, such as Ambassador Clark Kerr,” notes Macri, “were still determined to be supportive of Soviet actions, despite Stalin’s alliance with Hitler” (p. 224).
* FDR and various British and Canadian officials understood that imposing draconian sanctions on Japan would provoke Japan to war with the Allies (pp. 248-289). In mid-1942, Lord Halifax explained to Foreign Minister Anthony Eden that the Allies had provoked Japan to war and that most Americans still believed that the Japanese had stabbed America in the back at Pearl Harbor because they were unaware of how severe the Allied sanctions against Japan had been:
Of course, we should also note that the Japanese knew that FDR was helping to supply the Nationalists with weapons and supplies, not to mention huge loans, which any nation would view as a provocation. If anything, the Japanese showed an amazing amount of patience in responding to the massive aid that the British, the Soviets, and the Americans were providing to the Nationalists, even though the Nationalists were the ones who had started the war by attacking the Japanese in Shanghai.
If anyone wants to read the transcripts of the International Military Tribunal for the Far East, aka the IMTFE, here's a link to the entire collection:
Macri’s book Clash of Empires in South China is so packed with important information that it would take two or three more posts just to summarize it. Here are some more points made in the book:
* The Chinese Communists rarely engaged the Japanese army. The only major offensive the Communists launched against the Japanese was the One Hundred Regiments Campaign in northern China, and the only reason the Communists launched that campaign was to keep the Nationalists from making peace with the Japanese because Nationalist morale was so low that the Communists feared the Nationalists were about to halt their war effort and make a deal (pp. 226-227).
So, you claim this, and you wonder why the Communist won.
Okay, so you have choices between two leaders. One who actually fought the raping, murdering Jap Bastards. And one who was willing to make peace with them after they STOLE half your country. Hmmmm... Which one are you going to support. So long, Peanut!!!!
* Several key members of the House of Commons (the British legislative body) and Foreign Office officials were so pro-Soviet that they supported Soviet policy goals even during the Hitler-Stalin pact. “Several significant individuals in the House of Commons, such as Labour’s Sir Stafford Cripps, as well as Foreign Office officials, such as Ambassador Clark Kerr,” notes Macri, “were still determined to be supportive of Soviet actions, despite Stalin’s alliance with Hitler” (p. 224).
Interesting school of thought, from crazy people. It kind of sounds like Joe McCarthy the Drunk's list of 55 Card Carrying Communists at the State Department.
The reality is, the west needed the Communists to defeat the Fascists
, and then bemoaned that the Communists took their fair share of the spoils in Europe and Asia.
* FDR and various British and Canadian officials understood that imposing draconian sanctions on Japan would provoke Japan to war with the Allies (pp. 248-289). In mid-1942, Lord Halifax explained to Foreign Minister Anthony Eden that the Allies had provoked Japan to war and that most Americans still believed that the Japanese had stabbed America in the back at Pearl Harbor because they were unaware of how severe the Allied sanctions against Japan had been:
Again, by your logic, you've just rationalized Iran Nuking New York. I want to make sure that you think that Sanctioning a country for it's bad behavior is a justification for war. It isn't.
The Japanese did a sneak attack at Pearl Harbor. . . .
Of course, we should also note that the Japanese knew that FDR was helping to supply the Nationalists with weapons and supplies, not to mention huge loans, which any nation would view as a provocation. If anything, the Japanese showed an amazing amount of patience in responding to the massive aid that the British, the Soviets, and the Americans were providing to the Nationalists, even though the Nationalists were the ones who had started the war by attacking the Japanese in Shanghai.
Mean old FDR, helping a country that was being invaded and raped by a foreign power.. HOW DARE HE!!!
It is not a "claim." It is a fact. The Communists engaged the Japanese far, far fewer times than did the Nationalists. Indeed, the Communists helped the Japanese cause by frequently attacking the Nationalists. As I've pointed out to you several tiems already, these facts are well documented.
Here, too, I've already debunked this nonsense, but you just keep repeating it. Are you aware that even the blood-thirsty, grossly biased IMTFE felt compelled to admit that the Japanese did not intend the Pearl Harbor attack to be a sneak/surprise attack?
And, of course, there's also the mountain of evidence that FDR knew the Japanese were going to attack Pearl Harbor several days before the attack occurred.
Even if one ignores all this evidence, it has been documented beyond dispute that by no later than 9:00 AM on 7 December 1941, several hours before the attack, FDR, Stark, and Marshall knew from the decrypted 14-part Japanese diplomatic cable that an attack was likely going to occur at around sunrise in Hawaii, and they did not use a scrambler phone to call the commanders in Hawaii to warn them.
Blah, blah, blah. You just keep repeating this myth and refuse to deal with the facts that refute it. And, again, why didn't FDR sanction and provoke the Soviets after they began killing millions of Russians, after they gobbled up a chunk of Mongolia, after they attacked tiny Finland, etc., etc., etc.?
But, oh no, he was willing to ignore all of these crimes, and many others, and bent over backwards to befriend the murderous Soviet regime, but he took a very different approach toward the anti-Communist, pro-free enterprise Japanese.
Did you just beam into 2020 from the 1960s? I mean, the degree of Communist penetration into the American and British governments during and immediately after WWII has been documented beyond all dispute. Have you heard of the Venona Decrypts, Elizabeth Bentley, Whittaker Chambers, etc.? I know you don't like to read, and I'm guessing your PRC handlers won't let you even glance at this book, but you might start to educate yourself by reading Hebert Romerstein and Eric Briendel's massive work The Venona Secrets: Exposing Soviet Espionage and America's Traitors (2000).
Oh my goodness. Did you really just say that in a public forum? Eee-gads, you really are, no kidding, a Communist, aren't you? You see, over here in the civilized world, we recognize that the Communist tyranny in Russia and Eastern Europe and the Communist tyranny in China, North Korea, and North Vietnam were brutal, tragic, and catastrophically deadly.
It is not a "claim." It is a fact. The Communists engaged the Japanese far, far fewer times than did the Nationalists. Indeed, the Communists helped the Japanese cause by frequently attacking the Nationalists. As I've pointed out to you several tiems already, these facts are well documented.
Actually, the Nationalist proved they couldn't be trusted, willing to sell their country out to the Japs at any opportunity. that' why the Communists won.
Here, too, I've already debunked this nonsense, but you just keep repeating it. Are you aware that even the blood-thirsty, grossly biased IMTFE felt compelled to admit that the Japanese did not intend the Pearl Harbor attack to be a sneak/surprise attack?
You're kidding, right? You send Ambassadors over to pretend to negotiate for peace, and then send six aircraft carriers to attack your naval base.
the only reason why their plan of having the attack happen AFTER a "formal declaration of war" was because the decryption machine broke down, but the bastards knew EXACTLY what they were up to.
And, of course, there's also the mountain of evidence that FDR knew the Japanese were going to attack Pearl Harbor several days before the attack occurred.
Is that right next to the mountain of evidence that OJ was innocent or the mountain of evidence that Joseph Smith was talking to God? Is there any crazy conspiracy theory you won't embrace? Do you think 9/11 was an inside job?
Even if one ignores all this evidence, it has been documented beyond dispute that by no later than 9:00 AM on 7 December 1941, several hours before the attack, FDR, Stark, and Marshall knew from the decrypted 14-part Japanese diplomatic cable that an attack was likely going to occur at around sunrise in Hawaii, and they did not use a scrambler phone to call the commanders in Hawaii to warn them.
The only thing they knew from the cable was that Japan was going to declare war. The thing was, no one really thought that an attack on Pearl Harbor was possible. It was too far away. They thought there might be attacks on the Philippines or Guam. (Which they attacked, too.)
Blah, blah, blah. You just keep repeating this myth and refuse to deal with the facts that refute it. And, again, why didn't FDR sanction and provoke the Soviets after they began killing millions of Russians, after they gobbled up a chunk of Mongolia, after they attacked tiny Finland, etc., etc., etc.?
Uh, a chunk of desert no one lives in, or a chunk of icy wasteland that was rightfully theirs? The thing was, we didn't sanction the USSR because we barely had any economic relationship with them to start with. Pretty much broke off relations with them after their revolution and they reneged on all the Tsar's bad debts.
What you leave out of your little discussion about the USSR is how the Western Powers backed the Whites and invaded in 1918 after the USSR got out of that collective bit of human stupidity called World War I.
But, oh no, he was willing to ignore all of these crimes, and many others, and bent over backwards to befriend the murderous Soviet regime, but he took a very different approach toward the anti-Communist, pro-free enterprise Japanese.
The Japanese were murdering millions of Chinese... that was the thing.
Again, the reason why the Axis got away with shit all through the 30's is they played on western fears they were penning in the nasty, evil commies. The official name of the "Axis" was the "Anti-Comintern Pact". So the west kind of turned a blind eye to what they were doing. We didn't sanction Japan when they put Puyi's worthless fag ass on the throne of Manchuko, we didn't sanction them when they murdered all those people at Nanking.
We sanctioned them when they officially threw in with Hitler.
You seem to really love America's enemies. The Confederates, the Axis... but then again, you belong to a cult that is anti-American at its core.
Incidentally, our position toward China was the same it had been all along. We opposed any attempts by other powers to infringe on Chinese sovereignty and favored an Open Door Policy.