Longest Running Experiment of Evolution Hits a Dead End

[Toddsterpatriot]

Unfortunately, that article a fatal misunderstanding of how evolution functions.

Genetic mutation doesn't happen to adapt fitness to the environment. Genetic mutations are unrelated to the suitability of the organism to survive. Genes have no way of perceiving the requirements of survival in the environment. Genetic mutations are spontaneous and random and are mostly inconsequential to the organism, frequently harmful, and only occasionally useful in adaptability to the environment. When a mutation is useful, that increases the likelihood of it being passed on to future generations.

The experiment proves that organisms mutate and that those mutations are passed on. It would be highly unlikely for a major adaptive change to occur -- particularly in the closed and controlled environment of the experiment -- in as few as 70,000 generations. Human evolution happened over 85 million years or 6.5 million generations.

You mean the experiment doesn't understand evolution. The article simply reported on the longest running experiment on evolution ending in failure.

And no, mutations are not beneficial to any organism.

And as I posted in another thread, DNA research shows humans, apes, aardvarks, etc all appeared at the same time, less than 200K years ago according to their timescale.

And no, mutations are not beneficial to any organism.

They're helpful to all sorts of antibiotic resistant bacteria.

A virus changing shape is still a virus.

It wasn't my study and it wasn't me to call for its end.

A virus changing shape is still a virus.

Bacteria....much bigger than viruses.
Viruses also benefit from mutations.

And as I posted in another thread, DNA research shows humans, apes, aardvarks, etc all appeared at the same time, less than 200K years ago according to their timescale.

Wow.....that's some bad research.

Yes, ignore any science without looking at it that threatens what they brainwashed you into believing.

Massive Genetic Study Reveals 90 Percent Of Earth’s Animals Appeared At The Same Time

The evolution of modern humans has been studied from several disciplines with detail unique among animal species. Mitochondrial barcodes provide a commensurable way to compare modern humans to other animal species. Barcode variation in the modern human population is quantitatively similar to that within other animal species. Several convergent lines of evidence show that mitochondrial diversity in modern humans follows from sequence uniformity followed by the accumulation of largely neutral diversity during a population expansion that began approximately 100,000 years ago. A straightforward hypothesis is that the extant populations of almost all animal species have arrived at a similar result consequent to a similar process of expansion from mitochondrial uniformity within the last one to several hundred thousand years.

https://phe.rockefeller.edu/news/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Stoeckle-Thaler-Final-reduced.pdf

Weird, I couldn't find the claim, " humans, apes, aardvarks, etc all appeared at the same time, less than 200K years ago according to their timescale" in the actual study.

Maybe you'll have better luck?

 

[toobfreak]

Unfortunately, that article a fatal misunderstanding of how evolution functions.

Genetic mutation doesn't happen to adapt fitness to the environment. Genetic mutations are unrelated to the suitability of the organism to survive. Genes have no way of perceiving the requirements of survival in the environment. Genetic mutations are spontaneous and random and are mostly inconsequential to the organism, frequently harmful, and only occasionally useful in adaptability to the environment. When a mutation is useful, that increases the likelihood of it being passed on to future generations.

The experiment proves that organisms mutate and that those mutations are passed on. It would be highly unlikely for a major adaptive change to occur -- particularly in the closed and controlled environment of the experiment -- in as few as 70,000 generations. Human evolution happened over 85 million years or 6.5 million generations.

You mean the experiment doesn't understand evolution. The article simply reported on the longest running experiment on evolution ending in failure.

And no, mutations are not beneficial to any organism.

And as I posted in another thread, DNA research shows humans, apes, aardvarks, etc all appeared at the same time, less than 200K years ago according to their timescale.

Ah, no, "apes" or gorillas appeared first, as far back as about 9 or 10 million years ago, then Hominids branched off in two directions, first Pan (chimps) about 8 million years ago followed by the branch that became Australopithecus leading to Paranthropus and Homo Habilis which became man.

 

[fncceo]

A surprising lack of mitochondrial DNA variation, has been linked to a large-scale die-off of mammals from around 75,000 years ago, called the Toba Event. The largest known volcanic eruption which induced a decade long winter and a long-term cooling trend that caused mass extinctions globally, creating what is known as a Genetic Bottleneck.

It is hypothesized that the surviving human population could have been reduced to as low as 5,000 humans and reduced other mammal species to very low populations.

 

[Weatherman2020]

Unfortunately, that article a fatal misunderstanding of how evolution functions.

Genetic mutation doesn't happen to adapt fitness to the environment. Genetic mutations are unrelated to the suitability of the organism to survive. Genes have no way of perceiving the requirements of survival in the environment. Genetic mutations are spontaneous and random and are mostly inconsequential to the organism, frequently harmful, and only occasionally useful in adaptability to the environment. When a mutation is useful, that increases the likelihood of it being passed on to future generations.

The experiment proves that organisms mutate and that those mutations are passed on. It would be highly unlikely for a major adaptive change to occur -- particularly in the closed and controlled environment of the experiment -- in as few as 70,000 generations. Human evolution happened over 85 million years or 6.5 million generations.

You mean the experiment doesn't understand evolution. The article simply reported on the longest running experiment on evolution ending in failure.

And no, mutations are not beneficial to any organism.

And as I posted in another thread, DNA research shows humans, apes, aardvarks, etc all appeared at the same time, less than 200K years ago according to their timescale.

Ah, no, "apes" or gorillas appeared first, as far back as about 9 or 10 million years ago, then Hominids branched off in two directions, first Pan (chimps) about 8 million years ago followed by the branch that became Australopithecus leading to Paranthropus and Homo Habilis which became man.



View attachment 198645

DNA says no.

 

[toobfreak]

68,000 generations and the experiment ends in not showing any signs of evolution.

"Science brings one nearer to God."
-Louis Pasteur

Longest Evolution Experiment Dead-End - Richard William Nelson

LOL- the dead giveaway in the article- is this quote:

Despite a flood of challenges since the publication of The Origin of Species, the scientific evidence found in nature is increasingly best explainable by the Genesis record written by Moses.

With absolutely nothing to support that conclusion

LOL

and almost every animal appeared at the same time

Ah . . . . what? The first animals appeared about 800 million years ago in the ocean during the Tonian Period as fixed sea creatures attached to the ocean floor. Smilodon (saber toothed cat) only appeared about 2.5 million years ago . . . . on land.

 

[Weatherman2020]

A surprising lack of mitochondrial DNA variation, has been linked to a large-scale die-off of mammals from around 75,000 years ago, called the Toba Event. The largest known volcanic eruption which induced a decade long winter and a long-term cooling trend that caused mass extinctions globally, creating what is known as a Genetic Bottleneck.

It is hypothesized that the surviving human population could have been reduced to as low as 5,000 humans and reduced other mammal species to very low populations.

It is hypothesized that the surviving human population could have been reduced to as low as 5,000 humans and reduced other mammal species to very low populations.

Or 8 people and a pair of each animal.

 

[Weatherman2020]

68,000 generations and the experiment ends in not showing any signs of evolution.

"Science brings one nearer to God."
-Louis Pasteur

Longest Evolution Experiment Dead-End - Richard William Nelson

LOL- the dead giveaway in the article- is this quote:

Despite a flood of challenges since the publication of The Origin of Species, the scientific evidence found in nature is increasingly best explainable by the Genesis record written by Moses.

With absolutely nothing to support that conclusion

LOL

and almost every animal appeared at the same time

Ah . . . . what? The first animals appeared about 800 million years ago in the ocean during the Tonian Period as fixed sea creatures attached to the ocean floor. Smilodon (saber toothed cat) only appeared about 2.5 million years ago . . . . on land.

DNA says you're wrong.

 

[fncceo]

A surprising lack of mitochondrial DNA variation, has been linked to a large-scale die-off of mammals from around 75,000 years ago, called the Toba Event. The largest known volcanic eruption which induced a decade long winter and a long-term cooling trend that caused mass extinctions globally, creating what is known as a Genetic Bottleneck.

It is hypothesized that the surviving human population could have been reduced to as low as 5,000 humans and reduced other mammal species to very low populations.

It is hypothesized that the surviving human population could have been reduced to as low as 5,000 humans and reduced other mammal species to very low populations.

Or 8 people and a pair of each animal.

Or that, yeah.

 

[toobfreak]

Unfortunately, that article a fatal misunderstanding of how evolution functions.

Genetic mutation doesn't happen to adapt fitness to the environment. Genetic mutations are unrelated to the suitability of the organism to survive. Genes have no way of perceiving the requirements of survival in the environment. Genetic mutations are spontaneous and random and are mostly inconsequential to the organism, frequently harmful, and only occasionally useful in adaptability to the environment. When a mutation is useful, that increases the likelihood of it being passed on to future generations.

The experiment proves that organisms mutate and that those mutations are passed on. It would be highly unlikely for a major adaptive change to occur -- particularly in the closed and controlled environment of the experiment -- in as few as 70,000 generations. Human evolution happened over 85 million years or 6.5 million generations.

You mean the experiment doesn't understand evolution. The article simply reported on the longest running experiment on evolution ending in failure.

And no, mutations are not beneficial to any organism.

And as I posted in another thread, DNA research shows humans, apes, aardvarks, etc all appeared at the same time, less than 200K years ago according to their timescale.

Ah, no, "apes" or gorillas appeared first, as far back as about 9 or 10 million years ago, then Hominids branched off in two directions, first Pan (chimps) about 8 million years ago followed by the branch that became Australopithecus leading to Paranthropus and Homo Habilis which became man.

View attachment 198645

DNA says no.

Bull. Fossil remains say YES and fossil records do not lie. If you want to compare DNA, a TREE has almost identical DNA to us! But trees have been around since the Silurian Period. You are failing to realize that the DNA record connects us all going back about 3.5 billion years to the LUCA, so of course the DNA record might appear as though all life began at the same time, but not in the biodiversity of species promulgated by the Avalon Explosion and later!

 

[Weatherman2020]

You mean the experiment doesn't understand evolution. The article simply reported on the longest running experiment on evolution ending in failure.

And no, mutations are not beneficial to any organism.

And as I posted in another thread, DNA research shows humans, apes, aardvarks, etc all appeared at the same time, less than 200K years ago according to their timescale.

And no, mutations are not beneficial to any organism.

They're helpful to all sorts of antibiotic resistant bacteria.

A virus changing shape is still a virus.

It wasn't my study and it wasn't me to call for its end.

A virus changing shape is still a virus.

Bacteria....much bigger than viruses.
Viruses also benefit from mutations.

And as I posted in another thread, DNA research shows humans, apes, aardvarks, etc all appeared at the same time, less than 200K years ago according to their timescale.

Wow.....that's some bad research.

Yes, ignore any science without looking at it that threatens what they brainwashed you into believing.

Massive Genetic Study Reveals 90 Percent Of Earth’s Animals Appeared At The Same Time

The evolution of modern humans has been studied from several disciplines with detail unique among animal species. Mitochondrial barcodes provide a commensurable way to compare modern humans to other animal species. Barcode variation in the modern human population is quantitatively similar to that within other animal species. Several convergent lines of evidence show that mitochondrial diversity in modern humans follows from sequence uniformity followed by the accumulation of largely neutral diversity during a population expansion that began approximately 100,000 years ago. A straightforward hypothesis is that the extant populations of almost all animal species have arrived at a similar result consequent to a similar process of expansion from mitochondrial uniformity within the last one to several hundred thousand years.

https://phe.rockefeller.edu/news/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Stoeckle-Thaler-Final-reduced.pdf

Weird, I couldn't find the claim, " humans, apes, aardvarks, etc all appeared at the same time, less than 200K years ago according to their timescale" in the actual study.

Maybe you'll have better luck?

In a massive genetic study, senior research associate at the Program for the Human Environment at Rockefeller University Mark Stoeckle and University of Basel geneticist David Thaler discovered that virtually 90 percent of all animals on Earth appeared at right around the same time.

More specifically, they found out that 9 out of 10 animal species on the planet came to being at the same time as humans did some 100,000 to 200,000 years ago.

"This conclusion is very surprising," says Thaler, "and I fought against it as hard as I could."

Massive Genetic Study Reveals 90 Percent Of Earth’s Animals Appeared At The Same Time

 

[Toddsterpatriot]

And no, mutations are not beneficial to any organism.

They're helpful to all sorts of antibiotic resistant bacteria.

A virus changing shape is still a virus.

It wasn't my study and it wasn't me to call for its end.

A virus changing shape is still a virus.

Bacteria....much bigger than viruses.
Viruses also benefit from mutations.

And as I posted in another thread, DNA research shows humans, apes, aardvarks, etc all appeared at the same time, less than 200K years ago according to their timescale.

Wow.....that's some bad research.

Yes, ignore any science without looking at it that threatens what they brainwashed you into believing.

Massive Genetic Study Reveals 90 Percent Of Earth’s Animals Appeared At The Same Time

The evolution of modern humans has been studied from several disciplines with detail unique among animal species. Mitochondrial barcodes provide a commensurable way to compare modern humans to other animal species. Barcode variation in the modern human population is quantitatively similar to that within other animal species. Several convergent lines of evidence show that mitochondrial diversity in modern humans follows from sequence uniformity followed by the accumulation of largely neutral diversity during a population expansion that began approximately 100,000 years ago. A straightforward hypothesis is that the extant populations of almost all animal species have arrived at a similar result consequent to a similar process of expansion from mitochondrial uniformity within the last one to several hundred thousand years.

https://phe.rockefeller.edu/news/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Stoeckle-Thaler-Final-reduced.pdf

Weird, I couldn't find the claim, " humans, apes, aardvarks, etc all appeared at the same time, less than 200K years ago according to their timescale" in the actual study.

Maybe you'll have better luck?

In a massive genetic study, senior research associate at the Program for the Human Environment at Rockefeller University Mark Stoeckle and University of Basel geneticist David Thaler discovered that virtually 90 percent of all animals on Earth appeared at right around the same time.

More specifically, they found out that 9 out of 10 animal species on the planet came to being at the same time as humans did some 100,000 to 200,000 years ago.

"This conclusion is very surprising," says Thaler, "and I fought against it as hard as I could."

Massive Genetic Study Reveals 90 Percent Of Earth’s Animals Appeared At The Same Time

Go to the source.

https://phe.rockefeller.edu/news/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Stoeckle-Thaler-Final-reduced.pdf

No such statement. Try again?

 

[Wuwei]

When a virus mutates it only changes shape to keep the immune system from killing it.

You are limiting your response to creatures that have immune systems. Viruses can cause mutations in all sorts of lower level creatures. Virus DNA can attach to bacteria DNA and cause mutations much faster than chance alone.

 

[Toddsterpatriot]

68,000 generations and the experiment ends in not showing any signs of evolution.

"Science brings one nearer to God."
-Louis Pasteur

Longest Evolution Experiment Dead-End - Richard William Nelson

That's a very interesting study. It is well known that viruses can inject their own DNA into a host. It is also well known that viruses have been seen to mutate many times over the course of decades. Fast mutating viruses would add a more realistic real world dimension to the experiment, rather than using the sterile concoction of glucose and citrate as an environment.

Viruses may be the foundation for mutations and probably would have lead to evolutionary changes if added to Richard Lenski's flasks.

When a virus mutates it only changes shape to keep the immune system from killing it.

When a virus mutates it only changes shape to keep the immune system from killing it.

How does it know the immune system is going to kill it?

 

[Syriusly]

68,000 generations and the experiment ends in not showing any signs of evolution.

"Science brings one nearer to God."
-Louis Pasteur

Longest Evolution Experiment Dead-End - Richard William Nelson

LOL- the dead giveaway in the article- is this quote:

Despite a flood of challenges since the publication of The Origin of Species, the scientific evidence found in nature is increasingly best explainable by the Genesis record written by Moses.

With absolutely nothing to support that conclusion

LOL

Dead giveaway is this study ended in a dead end unable to show evolution and the DNA study showing man and apes and almost every animal appeared at the same time and have clear divisions in DNA.

LOL except of course- that the study actually showed bacteria evolving.

Except for that.

"Flask #9 was Lenski’s best shot for uncovering evidence for an evolutionary event amongst the estimated hundreds of millions of mutations over the past 30 years – translating to more than a million years of human evolution (sic). But, the holy grail of evolution, speciation, never happened.

Laboratory experiments repeatedly demonstrate how bacteria, while having an incalculable capacity for change, continue as from the beginning. Bacteria have not “been one of the great vindications of the theory of evolution,” as touted by the University of Colorado.

By starting with E. coli and ending with E. coli, Lenski’s laboratory project now has the distinction as the industry’s longest evolution experiment dead-end."

You do realize that the only one calling it a 'dead end' is the guy with the anti-evolution website right?

LOL

 

[Syriusly]

A surprising lack of mitochondrial DNA variation, has been linked to a large-scale die-off of mammals from around 75,000 years ago, called the Toba Event. The largest known volcanic eruption which induced a decade long winter and a long-term cooling trend that caused mass extinctions globally, creating what is known as a Genetic Bottleneck.

It is hypothesized that the surviving human population could have been reduced to as low as 5,000 humans and reduced other mammal species to very low populations.

It is hypothesized that the surviving human population could have been reduced to as low as 5,000 humans and reduced other mammal species to very low populations.

Or 8 people and a pair of each animal.

And then remember how God used Uber and Lyft to take the tortoises to the Galapagos- and nowhere else?

And the kangaroos to Australia- and nowhere else?

And remember when Lyft delivered all the species of Lemurs to Madagascar- and nowhere else?

 

[Syriusly]

Unfortunately, that article a fatal misunderstanding of how evolution functions.

Genetic mutation doesn't happen to adapt fitness to the environment. Genetic mutations are unrelated to the suitability of the organism to survive. Genes have no way of perceiving the requirements of survival in the environment. Genetic mutations are spontaneous and random and are mostly inconsequential to the organism, frequently harmful, and only occasionally useful in adaptability to the environment. When a mutation is useful, that increases the likelihood of it being passed on to future generations.

The experiment proves that organisms mutate and that those mutations are passed on. It would be highly unlikely for a major adaptive change to occur -- particularly in the closed and controlled environment of the experiment -- in as few as 70,000 generations. Human evolution happened over 85 million years or 6.5 million generations.

You mean the experiment doesn't understand evolution. The article simply reported on the longest running experiment on evolution ending in failure.

And no, mutations are not beneficial to any organism.

And as I posted in another thread, DNA research shows humans, apes, aardvarks, etc all appeared at the same time, less than 200K years ago according to their timescale.

And no, mutations are not beneficial to any organism.

They're helpful to all sorts of antibiotic resistant bacteria.

A virus changing shape is still a virus.

It wasn't my study and it wasn't me to call for its end.

A virus changing shape is still a virus.

Bacteria....much bigger than viruses.
Viruses also benefit from mutations.

And as I posted in another thread, DNA research shows humans, apes, aardvarks, etc all appeared at the same time, less than 200K years ago according to their timescale.

Wow.....that's some bad research.

Yes, ignore any science without looking at it that threatens what they brainwashed you into believing.

Massive Genetic Study Reveals 90 Percent Of Earth’s Animals Appeared At The Same Time

No ones ignoring any science.

You just don't know what that study says.

Not your fault- you are just ignorant.

 

[Syriusly]

68,000 generations and the experiment ends in not showing any signs of evolution.

"Science brings one nearer to God."
-Louis Pasteur

Longest Evolution Experiment Dead-End - Richard William Nelson

LOL- the dead giveaway in the article- is this quote:

Despite a flood of challenges since the publication of The Origin of Species, the scientific evidence found in nature is increasingly best explainable by the Genesis record written by Moses.

With absolutely nothing to support that conclusion

LOL

and almost every animal appeared at the same time

Ah . . . . what? The first animals appeared about 800 million years ago in the ocean during the Tonian Period as fixed sea creatures attached to the ocean floor. Smilodon (saber toothed cat) only appeared about 2.5 million years ago . . . . on land.

DNA says you're wrong.

DNA says no such thing.

But hey- you believe that the Bible is the story of creation-= so no shock that you don't believe in actual science.

 

[Syriusly]

And no, mutations are not beneficial to any organism.

They're helpful to all sorts of antibiotic resistant bacteria.

A virus changing shape is still a virus.

It wasn't my study and it wasn't me to call for its end.

A virus changing shape is still a virus.

Bacteria....much bigger than viruses.
Viruses also benefit from mutations.

And as I posted in another thread, DNA research shows humans, apes, aardvarks, etc all appeared at the same time, less than 200K years ago according to their timescale.

Wow.....that's some bad research.

Yes, ignore any science without looking at it that threatens what they brainwashed you into believing.

Massive Genetic Study Reveals 90 Percent Of Earth’s Animals Appeared At The Same Time

The evolution of modern humans has been studied from several disciplines with detail unique among animal species. Mitochondrial barcodes provide a commensurable way to compare modern humans to other animal species. Barcode variation in the modern human population is quantitatively similar to that within other animal species. Several convergent lines of evidence show that mitochondrial diversity in modern humans follows from sequence uniformity followed by the accumulation of largely neutral diversity during a population expansion that began approximately 100,000 years ago. A straightforward hypothesis is that the extant populations of almost all animal species have arrived at a similar result consequent to a similar process of expansion from mitochondrial uniformity within the last one to several hundred thousand years.

https://phe.rockefeller.edu/news/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Stoeckle-Thaler-Final-reduced.pdf

Weird, I couldn't find the claim, " humans, apes, aardvarks, etc all appeared at the same time, less than 200K years ago according to their timescale" in the actual study.

Maybe you'll have better luck?

In a massive genetic study, senior research associate at the Program for the Human Environment at Rockefeller University Mark Stoeckle and University of Basel geneticist David Thaler discovered that virtually 90 percent of all animals on Earth appeared at right around the same time.

More specifically, they found out that 9 out of 10 animal species on the planet came to being at the same time as humans did some 100,000 to 200,000 years ago.

"This conclusion is very surprising," says Thaler, "and I fought against it as hard as I could."

Massive Genetic Study Reveals 90 Percent Of Earth’s Animals Appeared At The Same Time

Here is the actual study.

https://phe.rockefeller.edu/news/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Stoeckle-Thaler-Final-reduced.pdf

and another article

Sweeping gene survey reveals new facets of evolution

But the last true mass extinction event was 65.5 million years ago when a likely asteroid strike wiped out land-bound dinosaurs and half of all species on Earth. This means a population "bottleneck" is only a partial explanation at best.

"The simplest interpretation is that life is always evolving," said Stoeckle.

"It is more likely that—at all times in evolution—the animals alive at that point arose relatively recently."

In this view, a species only lasts a certain amount of time before it either evolves into something new or goes extinct.



Read more at: Sweeping gene survey reveals new facets of evolution

 

[Muhammed]

Unfortunately, that article a fatal misunderstanding of how evolution functions.

Genetic mutation doesn't happen to adapt fitness to the environment. Genetic mutations are unrelated to the suitability of the organism to survive. Genes have no way of perceiving the requirements of survival in the environment. Genetic mutations are spontaneous and random and are mostly inconsequential to the organism, frequently harmful, and only occasionally useful in adaptability to the environment. When a mutation is useful, that increases the likelihood of it being passed on to future generations.

The experiment proves that organisms mutate and that those mutations are passed on. It would be highly unlikely for a major adaptive change to occur -- particularly in the closed and controlled environment of the experiment -- in as few as 70,000 generations. Human evolution happened over 85 million years or 6.5 million generations.

You mean the experiment doesn't understand evolution. The article simply reported on the longest running experiment on evolution ending in failure.

And no, mutations are not beneficial to any organism.

And as I posted in another thread, DNA research shows humans, apes, aardvarks, etc all appeared at the same time, less than 200K years ago according to their timescale.

And no, mutations are not beneficial to any organism.

They're helpful to all sorts of antibiotic resistant bacteria.

A virus changing shape is still a virus.

It wasn't my study and it wasn't me to call for its end.

A virus changing shape is still a virus.

Bacteria....much bigger than viruses.
Viruses also benefit from mutations.

And as I posted in another thread, DNA research shows humans, apes, aardvarks, etc all appeared at the same time, less than 200K years ago according to their timescale.

Wow.....that's some bad research.

Yes, ignore any science without looking at it that threatens what they brainwashed you into believing.

Massive Genetic Study Reveals 90 Percent Of Earth’s Animals Appeared At The Same Time

What have you been brainwashed into believing?

 

[zaangalewa]

... Human evolution happened over 85 million years or 6.5 million generations.

Evolution - as every other natural law - started about 13.8 billion years ago, when our universe appeared. About 4 billion years ago started the biological evolution on planet Earth. Circa 600 million years ago the first multicellular lifeforms appeared (~2 billion years ago had existed multicellular organisms too - but this organisms had died out, so they have nothing to do with the multicellular life today). ~400 million years ago the first animals left the ocean. The evolution of mammals started about 125 million years ago. The primates started 55 million years ago, Ponginae and hominae are 15-18 million years "old".

So what means 85 million years? What had happened then? And why do you calculate 13 years for a generation?