Life in the deep

[CrusaderFrank]

Fucking hilarious that you are too stupid to use google effectively.

Post it, Decline Hider.

Literally the first hundred site on anything to do with ocean and pH are the hysterical OCEAN ACIDIFICATION!!!!!!!!! sites including the melting Oregon Oysters.

About 56,900,000 results (0.38 seconds)

Search Results

1. Images for pH of various oceans
2. 
3. 
4. 
5. 
   More images for pH of various oceans
6. Ocean Acidity | Climate Change | US EPA
   www.epa.gov/.../oceans/a...
   United States Environmental Protection Agency
   
   This indicator describes changes in the chemistry of the ocean, which relate to ...Diagram illustrating the pH scale with reference to several common substances.
7. Ocean Acidification : Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
   www.whoi.edu/.../ocean-acidificat...
   Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
   
   Not all species responded the same way to higher carbon dioxide levels in ... chemical reactions occur that reduce the seawater pH, hence the term ocean ...
8. A primer on pH - PMEL - NOAA
   www.pmel.noaa.gov/.../A+pri...
   Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory
   
   Some common examples are shown in the figure at left. The concentration of ...Common misconceptions about pH and ocean “acidification”. How scientists ...
9. Ocean acidification - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocean_acidification
   Wikipedia
   
   Between 1751 and 1994 surface ocean pH is estimated to have decreased from ... and led to the dissolution of carbonate sediments in all ocean basins.
   You've visited this page 5 times. Last visit: 12/23/14
10. Ocean Acidification | Smithsonian Ocean Portal
    ocean.si.edu/ocean-acidification
    Smithsonian Institution
    
    Although scientists have been tracking ocean pH for more than 30 years, biological ...What we do know is that things are going to look different, and we can't ...
11. Ocean acidification: global warming's evil twin
    Global Warming and Climate Change skepticism examinedocean-acidification-global-w...
    Skeptical Science
    
    In 2095, the projected average ocean surface pH is 7.8, and lower still in the Arctic ....Much the same sort of ignorance goes for various ocean acidification ...
12. What is ocean acidification? - epoca
    www.epoca-project.eu/index.php/what-is-ocean-acidification.html
    
    Carbon, as other elements, is circulating in different chemical forms and between ...The increase in H+ ions reduces pH (measure of acidity) and the oceans ...
13. FAQs about ocean acidification - epoca
    www.epoca-project.eu/index.php/what-is-ocean-acidification/faq.html
    
    Ocean acidification refers to the process of lowering the oceans' pH (that is, increasing the concentration of ... Will CO2 really decrease ocean pH all that much?
14. RealClimate: The Acid Ocean – the Other Problem with CO2 ...
    www.realclimate.org/.../the-acid-ocean-the-other-problem-wi...
    RealClimate
    
    Jul 2, 2005 - The ocean pH change will persist for thousands of years. .... This may not be a small effect at all, but it is a slow effect: thousands of years.

 

[Crick]

Frank, do you have material indicating that the ocean is not becoming more acidic or that such acidification presents no threat from more reliable sources than the EPA, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI), the Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, the Smithsonian Institution or this list of references from Wikipedia's Ocean Acidification article?:

References

1. "Feely et al. - Evidence for upwelling of corrosive "acidified" water onto the Continental Shel". pmel.noaa.gov. Retrieved 2014-01-25.
2. Caldeira, K.; Wickett, M. E. (2003). "Anthropogenic carbon and ocean pH". Nature 425 (6956): 365–365.Bibcode:2001AGUFMOS11C0385C. doi:10.1038/425365a. PMID 14508477.
3. Millero, Frank J. (1995). "Thermodynamics of the carbon dioxide system in the oceans". Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 59 (4): 661–677.Bibcode:1995GeCoA..59..661M. doi:10.1016/0016-7037(94)00354-O.
4. Feely, R. A.; et al. (July 2004). "Impact of Anthropogenic CO2 on the CaCO3 System in the Oceans". Science 305 (5682): 362–366.Bibcode:2004Sci...305..362F. doi:10.1126/science.1097329. PMID 15256664.
5. Jacobson, M. Z. (2005). "Studying ocean acidification with conservative, stable numerical schemes for nonequilibrium air-ocean exchange and ocean equilibrium chemistry". Journal of Geophysical Research – Atmospheres 110: D07302. Bibcode:2005JGRD..11007302J.doi:10.1029/2004JD005220.
6. Hall-Spencer, J. M.; Rodolfo-Metalpa, R.; Martin, S.; et al. (July 2008). "Volcanic carbon dioxide vents show ecosystem effects of ocean acidification". Nature 454 (7200): 96–9. Bibcode:2008Natur.454...96H. doi:10.1038/nature07051. PMID 18536730.
7. Report of the Ocean Acidification and Oxygen Working Group, International Council for Science's Scientific Committee on Ocean Research (SCOR) Biological Observatories Workshop
8. Mora, C (2013). "The projected timing of climate departure from recent variability". Nature 502: 183–187. doi:10.1038/nature12540.
9. Mora, C. et al. (2013). "Biotic and Human Vulnerability to Projected Changes in Ocean Biogeochemistry over the 21st Century". PLoS Biology 11: e1001682. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1001682.
10. Orr, James C.; et al. (2005). "Anthropogenic ocean acidification over the twenty-first century and its impact on calcifying organisms". Nature 437 (7059): 681–686. Bibcode:2005Natur.437..681O. doi:10.1038/nature04095. PMID 16193043. Archived fromthe original on 2008-06-25.
11. Cornelia Dean (January 30, 2009). "Rising Acidity Is Threatening Food Web of Oceans, Science Panel Says". New York Times.
12. Robert E. Service (13 July 2012). "Rising Acidity Brings and Ocean Of Trouble". Science 337 (6091): 146–148. Bibcode:2012Sci...337..146S.doi:10.1126/science.337.6091.146. PMID 22798578.
13. IAP (June 2009). "Interacademy Panel (IAP) Member Academies Statement on Ocean Acidification"., Secretariat: TWAS (the Academy of Sciences for the Developing World), Trieste, Italy.
14. Huffington Post, 9 July 2012, "Ocean Acidification Is Climate Change's 'Equally Evil Twin,' NOAA Chief Says,"Ocean Acidification Is Climate Change s Equally Evil Twin NOAA Chief Says
15. The other carbon dioxide problem The other carbon dioxide problem Chemistry World
16. Global warming’s evil twin: ocean acidification Global warming s evil twin ocean acidification
17. Hennige, S.J. (2014). "Short-term metabolic and growth responses of the cold-water coral Lophelia pertusa to ocean acidification". Deep-Sea Research II 99: 27–35.
18. Pelejero, C. (2010). "Paleo-perspectives on ocean acidification". Trends in Ecology and Evolution 25 (6): 332–344.
19. Doney, S.C. (2009). "Ocean Acidification: The Other CO
    2 Problem". Annual Review of Marine Science 1: 169–192.
20. Zachos, J.C.; Röhl, U.; Schellenberg, S.A.; Sluijs, A.; Hodell, D.A.; Kelly, D.C.; Thomas, E.; Nicolo, M.; Raffi, I.; Lourens, L. J.; McCarren, H.; Kroon, D. (2005). "Rapid acidification of the ocean during the Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum". Science 308 (5728): 1611–1615.doi:10.1126/science.1109004. PMID 15947184.
21. "carbon cycle". Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Retrieved 11 Feb 2010.
22. Raven, J. A.; Falkowski, P. G. (1999). "Oceanic sinks for atmospheric CO
    2". Plant, Cell & Environment 22 (6): 741–755. doi:10.1046/j.1365-3040.1999.00419.x.
23. Cramer, W.; et al. (2001). "Global response of terrestrial ecosystem structure and function to CO
    2 and climate change: results from six dynamic global vegetation models". Global Change Biology 7 (4): 357–373. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2486.2001.00383.x.
24. "Feely et al. - Impact of Anthropogenic CO2 on the CaCO3 System in the Oceans". pmel.noaa.gov. Retrieved 2014-01-25.
25. Kump, Lee R.; Kasting, James F.; Crane, Robert G. (2003). The Earth System (2nd ed.). Upper Saddle River: Prentice Hall. pp. 162–164.ISBN 0-613-91814-2.
26. IPCC (2005). "IPCC Special Report on Carbon Dioxide Capture and Storage". p. 390.
27. Raven, J. A. et al. (2005). Ocean acidification due to increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide. Royal Society, London, UK.
28. Bows, Kevin; Bows, Alice (2011). "Beyond 'dangerous' climate change: emission scenarios for a new world". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A 369 (1934): 20. Bibcode:2011RSPTA.369...20A. doi:10.1098/rsta.2010.0290. Retrieved 2011-05-22.
29. Turley, C. (2008). "Impacts of changing ocean chemistry in a high-CO
    2 world". Mineralogical Magazine 72 (1): 359–362.doi:10.1180/minmag.2008.072.1.359.
30. Feely, R. A.; Sabine, C. L.; Hernandez-Ayon, J. M.; Ianson, D.; Hales B. (June 2008). "Evidence for upwelling of corrosive "acidified" water onto the continental shelf". Science 320 (5882): 1490–2. Bibcode:2008Sci...320.1490F. doi:10.1126/science.1155676. PMID 18497259.
31. Key, R. M.; Kozyr, A.; Sabine, C. L.; Lee, K.; Wanninkhof, R.; Bullister, J.; Feely, R. A.; Millero, F.; Mordy, C. and Peng, T.-H. (2004). "A global ocean carbon climatology: Results from GLODAP". Global Biogeochemical Cycles 18 (4): GB4031. Bibcode:2004GBioC..18.4031K.doi:10.1029/2004GB002247.
32. "Ocean acidification and the Southern Ocean" by the Australian Antarctic Division of the Australian Government
33. EPA weighs action on ocean acidification post at official blog of EPOCA, the European Project on Ocean Acidification
34. Review of Past IPCC Emissions Scenarios, IPCC Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (ISBN 0521804930).
35. Wootton, J. T.; Pfister, C. A. and Forester, J. D. (2008). "Dynamic patterns and ecological impacts of declining ocean pH in a high-resolution multi-year dataset". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 105 (48): 18848–18853. Bibcode:2008PNAS..10518848W.doi:10.1073/pnas.0810079105. PMC 2596240. PMID 19033205.
36. "Ocean Growing More Acidic Faster Than Once Thought; Increasing Acidity Threatens Sea Life". Science Daily. 2008-11-26. Retrieved26 November 2008.
37. UN: Oceans are 30 percent more acidic than before fossil fuels
38. "What is Ocean Acidification". NOAA. Retrieved 24 August 2013.
39. "Rate of ocean acidification the fastest in 65 million years". Physorg.com. 2010-02-14. Retrieved 2013-08-29.
40. "An Ominous Warning on the Effects of Ocean Acidification by Carl Zimmer: Yale Environment 360". e360.yale.edu. Retrieved 2014-01-25.
41. Report: Ocean acidification rising at unprecedented rate
42. United States National Research Council, 2010. Ocean Acidification: A National Strategy to Meet the Challenges of a Changing Ocean
43. "The Geological Record of Ocean Acidification". JournalistsResource.org, retrieved 14 March 2012
44. Hönisch, Bärbel; Ridgwell, Andy; Schmidt, Daniela N.; Thomas, E.; Gibbs, S. J.; Sluijs, A.; Zeebe, R.; Kump, L.; Martindale, R. C.; Greene, S. E.; Kiessling, W.; Ries, J.; Zachos, J. C.; Royer, D. L.; Barker, S.; Marchitto, T. M.; Moyer, R.; Pelejero, C.; Ziveri, P.; Foster, G. L.; Williams, B. (2012). "The Geological Record of Ocean Acidification". Science 335 (6072): 1058–1063. Bibcode:2012Sci...335.1058H.doi:10.1126/science.1208277. PMID 22383840.
45. The Acid Ocean – the Other Problem with CO2 Emission
46. How Acidification Threatens Oceans from the Inside Out
47. Fiona Harvey, environment correspondent (2013-08-25). "Rising levels of acids in seas may endanger marine life, says study | Environment". The Guardian. Retrieved 2013-08-29.
48. Mitchell, M. J.; et al (2010). "A model of carbon dioxide dissolution and mineral carbonation kinetics". Proceedings of the Royal Society A 466(2117): 1265–1290. doi:10.1098/rspa.2009.0349.
49. Atkinson, M.J.; Cuet, P. (2008). "Possible effects of ocean acidification on coral reef biogeochemistry: topics for research". Marine Ecology Progress Series 373: 249–256. doi:10.3354/meps07867.
50. Thurman, H.V.; Trujillo, A.P. (2004). Introductory Oceanography. Prentice Hall. ISBN 978-0-13-143888-0.
51. The Royal Society. Ocean Acidification Due To Increasing Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide, The Clyvedon Press Ltd. (2005): 11.
52. Marubini, F.; Ferrier-Pagès, C.; Furla, P.; Allemand, D. (2008). "Coral calcification responds to seawater acidification: a working hypothesis towards a physiological mechanism". Coral Reefs 27 (3): 491–499. Bibcode:2008CorRe..27..491M. doi:10.1007/s00338-008-0375-6.
53. Rosa, R.; Seibel, B. (2008). "Synergistic effects of climate-related variables suggest future physiological impairment in a top oceanic predator". P.n.a.s. 105 (52): 20776–20780. Bibcode:2008PNAS..10520776R. doi:10.1073/pnas.0806886105.
54. Bibby, R.; et al. (2008). "Effects of ocean acidification on the immune response of the blue mussel Mytilus edulis". Aquatic Biology 2: 67–74.doi:10.3354/ab00037.
55. Gooding, R.; et al. (2008). "Elevated water temperature and carbon dioxide concentration increase the growth of a keystone echinoderm".Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. doi:10.1073/pnas.0811143106.
56. Some like it acidic April 17, 2013 Science News
57. "Ocean Acidification Summary for Policymakers". IGBP.
58. National Research Council. Overview of Climate Changes and Illustrative Impacts. Climate Stabilization Targets: Emissions, Concentrations, and Impacts over Decades to Millennia. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2011. 1. Print.
59. Nienhuis, S.; Palmer, A.; Harley, C. (2010). "Elevated CO2 affects shell dissolution rate but not calcification rate in a marine snail". Proceedings of the Royal Society B 277 (1693): 2553–2558. doi:10.1098/rspb.2010.0206. PMC 2894921. PMID 20392726.
60. Gattuso, J.-P.; Frankignoulle, M.; Bourge, I.; Romaine, S. and Buddemeier, R. W. (1998). "Effect of calcium carbonate saturation of seawater on coral calcification". Global and Planetary Change 18 (1–2): 37–46. Bibcode:1998GPC....18...37G. doi:10.1016/S0921-8181(98)00035-6.
61. Gattuso, J.-P.; Allemand, D.; Frankignoulle, M. (1999). "Photosynthesis and calcification at cellular, organismal and community levels in coral reefs: a review on interactions and control by carbonate chemistry". American Zoologist 39: 160–183. doi:10.1093/icb/39.1.160.
62. Langdon, C.; Atkinson, M. J. (2005). "Effect of elevated pCO
    2 on photosynthesis and calcification of corals and interactions with seasonal change in temperature/irradiance and nutrient enrichment". Journal of Geophysical Research 110 (C09S07): C09S07.Bibcode:2005JGRC..11009S07L. doi:10.1029/2004JC002576.
63. Riebesell, Ulf; Zondervan, Ingrid; Rost, Björn; Tortell, Philippe D.; Zeebe, Richard E. and François M. M. Morel (2000). "Reduced calcification of marine plankton in response to increased atmospheric CO
    2". Nature 407 (6802): 364–367. doi:10.1038/35030078. PMID 11014189.
64. Zondervan, I.; Zeebe, R. E., Rost, B. and Rieblesell, U. (2001). "Decreasing marine biogenic calcification: a negative feedback on rising atmospheric CO2". Global Biogeochemical Cycles 15 (2): 507–516. Bibcode:2001GBioC..15..507Z. doi:10.1029/2000GB001321.
65. Zondervan, I.; Rost, B. and Rieblesell, U. (2002). "Effect of CO
    2 concentration on the PIC/POC ratio in the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyigrown under light limiting conditions and different day lengths". Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 272 (1): 55–70.doi:10.1016/S0022-0981(02)00037-0.
66. Delille, B.; Harlay, J., Zondervan, I., Jacquet, S., Chou, L., Wollast, R., Bellerby, R.G.J., Frankignoulle, M., Borges, A.V., Riebesell, U. and Gattuso, J.-P. (2005). "Response of primary production and calcification to changes of pCO
    2 during experimental blooms of the coccolithophorid Emiliania huxleyi". Global Biogeochemical Cycles 19 (2): GB2023. Bibcode:2005GBioC..19.2023D. doi:10.1029/2004GB002318.
67. Kuffner, I. B.; Andersson, A. J., Jokiel, P. L., Rodgers, K. S. and Mackenzie, F. T. (2007). "Decreased abundance of crustose coralline algae due to ocean acidification". Nature Geoscience 1 (2): 114–117. Bibcode:2008NatGe...1..114K. doi:10.1038/ngeo100.
68. Phillips, Graham; Chris Branagan (2007-09-13). "Ocean Acidification – The BIG global warming story". ABC TV Science: Catalyst (Australian Broadcasting Corporation). Retrieved 2007-09-18.
69. Gazeau, F.; Quiblier, C.; Jansen, J. M.; Gattuso, J.-P.; Middelburg, J. J. and Heip, C. H. R. (2007). "Impact of elevated CO
    2 on shellfish calcification". Geophysical Research Letters 34 (7): L07603. Bibcode:2007GeoRL..3407603G. doi:10.1029/2006GL028554.
70. Comeau, C.; Gorsky, G., Jeffree, R., Teyssié, J.-L. and Gattuso, J.-P. (2009). "Impact of ocean acidification on a key Arctic pelagic mollusc ("Limacina helicina")". Biogeosciences 6 (9): 1877–1882. doi:10.5194/bg-6-1877-2009.
71. Buitenhuis, E. T.; de Baar, H. J. W. and Veldhuis, M. J. W. (1999). "Photosynthesis and calcification by Emiliania huxleyi (Prymnesiophyceae) as a function of inorganic carbon species". Journal of Phycology 35 (5): 949–959. doi:10.1046/j.1529-8817.1999.3550949.x.
72. Nimer, N. A.; Merrett, M. J. (1993). "Calcification rate in Emiliania huxleyi Lohmann in response to light, nitrate and availability of inorganic carbon". New Phytologist 123 (4): 673–677. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.1993.tb03776.x.
73. Iglesias-Rodriguez, M. D.; Halloran, P. R., Rickaby, R. E. M., Hall, I. R., Colmenero-Hidalgo, E., Gittins, J.R., Green, D.R.H., Tyrrell, T., Gibbs, S.J., von Dassow, P., Rehm, E., Armbrust, E.V. and Boessenkool, K.P. (2008). "Phytoplankton Calcification in a High-CO
    2 World". Science 320(5874): 336–340. Bibcode:2008Sci...320..336I. doi:10.1126/science.1154122. PMID 18420926.
74. Sciandra, A.; Harlay, J.; Lefevre, D. et al. (2003). "Response of coccolithophorid Emiliania huxleyi to elevated partial pressure of CO
    2 under nitrogen limitation". Marine Ecology Progress Series 261: 111–112. doi:10.3354/meps261111.
75. Langer, G.; Geisen, M., Baumann, K. H. et al. (2006). "Species-specific responses of calcifying algae to changing seawater carbonate chemistry". Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems 7 (9): Q09006. Bibcode:2006GGG.....709006L. doi:10.1029/2005GC001227.
76. "Acidification Of Oceans May Contribute To Global Declines Of Shellfish, Study By Stony Brook Scientists Concludes" (Press release). School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences at Stony Brook University. 27 September 2010. Retrieved 4 June 2012.
77. Ruttiman, J. (2006). "Sick Seas". Nature 442 (7106): 978–980. Bibcode:2006Natur.442..978R. doi:10.1038/442978a. PMID 16943816.
78. Cohen, A.; Holcomb, M. (2009). "Why Corals Care About Ocean Acidification: Uncovering the Mechanism". Oceanography 24 (4): 118–127.doi:10.5670/oceanog.2009.102.
79. Hannah L. Wood, John I. Spicer and Stephen Widdicombe (2008). "Ocean acidification may increase calcification rates, but at a cost".Proceedings of the Royal Society B 275 (1644): 1767–1773. doi:10.1098/rspb.2008.0343. PMC 2587798. PMID 18460426.
80. Dixson, D. L.; et al. (2010). "Ocean acidification disrupts the innate ability of fish to detect predator olfactory cues". Ecology Letters 13 (1): 68–75.doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2009.01400.x. PMID 19917053.
81. Simpson, S. D.; et al. (2011). "Ocean acidification erodes crucial auditory behaviour in a marine fish". Biology Letters 7 (6): 917–20.doi:10.1098/rsbl.2011.0293. PMC 3210647. PMID 21632617.
82. Hester, K. C.; et al. (2008). "Unanticipated consequences of ocean acidification: A noisier ocean at lower pH". Geophysical Research Letters35 (19). doi:10.1029/2008GL034913.
83. Acid In The Oceans: A Growing Threat To Sea Life by Richard Harris. All Things Considered, 12 August 2009.
84. Kwok, Roberta. "Ocean acidification could make squid develop abnormally". University of Washington. Retrieved 2013-08-24.
85. "Swiss marine researcher moving in for the krill". The Australian. 2008.
86. Ridgwell, A.; Zondervan, I.; Hargreaves, J. C.; Bijma, J.; Lenton, T. M. (2007). "Assessing the potential long-term increase of oceanic fossil fuelCO
    2 uptake due to CO
    2-calcification feedback". Biogeosciences 4 (4): 481–492. doi:10.5194/bg-4-481-2007.
87. Tyrrell, T. (2008). "Calcium carbonate cycling in future oceans and its influence on future climates". Journal of Plankton Research 30 (2): 141–156. doi:10.1093/plankt/fbm105.
88. "Effects of Ocean Acidification on Marine Species & Ecosystems". Report. OCEANA. Retrieved October 13, 2013.
89. Lischka S., B ̈ udenbender J., Boxhammer T., Riebesell U. (15 April 2011). "Impact of ocean acidification and elevated temperatures on early juveniles of the polar shelled pteropod Limacina helicina : mortality, shell degradation, and shell growth". Report. Biogeosciences. pp. 919–932. Retrieved 14 November 2013.
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97. Muniz, I. P. (May 1984). "The Effects of Acidification on Scandinavian Freshwater Fish Fauna". Series B, Biological Sciences 305 (1124): 517.Bibcode:1984RSPTB.305..517M. doi:10.1098/rstb.1984.0074. JSTOR 2396102.
98. Table TS.2 (p.9) and Figure TS.10 (p.20), in: Technical Summary, in Clarke & others 2007
99. Halting ocean acidification in time, in: Summary for Policymakers, in WBGU 2006, p. 3
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102. Good & others 2010, Executive Summary
103. Summary, in UK Royal Society 2009, pp. ix-xii
104. "Ch 5: Key Elements of America's Climate Choices". Box 5.1: Geoengineering. Missing or empty |title= (help), in US NRC 2011, pp. 52–53
105. Trujillo, Alan (2011). Essentials of Oceanography. Pearson Education, Inc. p. 157. ISBN 9780321668127.
106. Cao, L.; Caldeira, K. (2010). "Can ocean iron fertilization mitigate ocean acidification?". Climatic Change 99 (1–2): 303–311. doi:10.1007/s10584-010-9799-4.
107. Sec 2.3.1 Ocean fertilisation methods, in Ch 2: Carbon dioxide removal techniques, in UK Royal Society 2009, pp. 16–19
108. Table 2.8, in: Sec 2.3.1 Ocean fertilisation methods, in Ch 2: Carbon dioxide removal techniques, in UK Royal Society 2009, p. 18
109. DiMascio, Felice; Willauer, Heather D. ; Hardy, Dennis R. ; Lewis, M. Kathleen ; Williams, Frederick W. (July 23, 2010). Extraction of Carbon Dioxide from Seawater by an Electrochemical Acidification Cell. Part 1 - Initial Feasibility Studies (memorandum report). Washington, DC: Chemistry Division, Navy Technology Center for Safety and Survivability, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory. Retrieved September 7, 2012.
110. Willauer, Heather D.; DiMascio, Felice; Hardy, Dennis R.; Lewis, M. Kathleen; Williams, Frederick W. (April 11, 2011). Extraction of Carbon Dioxide from Seawater by an Electrochemical Acidification Cell. Part 2 - Laboratory Scaling Studies (memorandum report). Washington, DC: Chemistry Division, Navy Technology Center for Safety and Survivability, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory. Retrieved September 7, 2012.
111. Eisaman, Matthew D.; et al. (2012). "CO2 extraction from seawater using bipolar membrane electrodialysis". Energy and Environmental Science 5 (6): 7346–52. doi:10.1039/C2EE03393C. Retrieved September 7, 2012.

 

[westwall]

Frank, do you have material indicating that the ocean is not becoming more acidic or that such acidification presents no threat from more reliable sources than the EPA, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI), the Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, the Smithsonian Institution or this list of references from Wikipedia's Ocean Acidification article?:

References

1. Jump up^ "Feely et al. - Evidence for upwelling of corrosive "acidified" water onto the Continental Shel". pmel.noaa.gov. Retrieved 2014-01-25.
2. ^ Jump up to:a b c Caldeira, K.; Wickett, M. E. (2003). "Anthropogenic carbon and ocean pH". Nature 425 (6956): 365–365.Bibcode:2001AGUFMOS11C0385C. doi:10.1038/425365a. PMID 14508477.
3. Jump up^ Millero, Frank J. (1995). "Thermodynamics of the carbon dioxide system in the oceans". Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 59 (4): 661–677.Bibcode:1995GeCoA..59..661M. doi:10.1016/0016-7037(94)00354-O.
4. Jump up^ Feely, R. A.; et al. (July 2004). "Impact of Anthropogenic CO2 on the CaCO3 System in the Oceans". Science 305 (5682): 362–366.Bibcode:2004Sci...305..362F. doi:10.1126/science.1097329. PMID 15256664.
5. Jump up^ Jacobson, M. Z. (2005). "Studying ocean acidification with conservative, stable numerical schemes for nonequilibrium air-ocean exchange and ocean equilibrium chemistry". Journal of Geophysical Research – Atmospheres 110: D07302. Bibcode:2005JGRD..11007302J.doi:10.1029/2004JD005220.
6. ^ Jump up to:a b Hall-Spencer, J. M.; Rodolfo-Metalpa, R.; Martin, S.; et al. (July 2008). "Volcanic carbon dioxide vents show ecosystem effects of ocean acidification". Nature 454 (7200): 96–9. Bibcode:2008Natur.454...96H. doi:10.1038/nature07051. PMID 18536730.
7. ^ Jump up to:a b Report of the Ocean Acidification and Oxygen Working Group, International Council for Science's Scientific Committee on Ocean Research (SCOR) Biological Observatories Workshop
8. Jump up^ Mora, C (2013). "The projected timing of climate departure from recent variability". Nature 502: 183–187. doi:10.1038/nature12540.
9. ^ Jump up to:a b c d e f Mora, C. et al. (2013). "Biotic and Human Vulnerability to Projected Changes in Ocean Biogeochemistry over the 21st Century". PLoS Biology 11: e1001682. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1001682.
10. ^ Jump up to:a b c d e f g h Orr, James C.; et al. (2005). "Anthropogenic ocean acidification over the twenty-first century and its impact on calcifying organisms". Nature 437 (7059): 681–686. Bibcode:2005Natur.437..681O. doi:10.1038/nature04095. PMID 16193043. Archived fromthe original on 2008-06-25.
11. Jump up^ Cornelia Dean (January 30, 2009). "Rising Acidity Is Threatening Food Web of Oceans, Science Panel Says". New York Times.
12. Jump up^ Robert E. Service (13 July 2012). "Rising Acidity Brings and Ocean Of Trouble". Science 337 (6091): 146–148. Bibcode:2012Sci...337..146S.doi:10.1126/science.337.6091.146. PMID 22798578.
13. ^ Jump up to:a b c d IAP (June 2009). "Interacademy Panel (IAP) Member Academies Statement on Ocean Acidification"., Secretariat: TWAS (the Academy of Sciences for the Developing World), Trieste, Italy.
14. ^ Jump up to:a b Huffington Post, 9 July 2012, "Ocean Acidification Is Climate Change's 'Equally Evil Twin,' NOAA Chief Says,"Ocean Acidification Is Climate Change s Equally Evil Twin NOAA Chief Says
15. ^ Jump up to:a b The other carbon dioxide problem The other carbon dioxide problem Chemistry World
16. Jump up^ Global warming’s evil twin: ocean acidification Global warming s evil twin ocean acidification
17. ^ Jump up to:a b Hennige, S.J. (2014). "Short-term metabolic and growth responses of the cold-water coral Lophelia pertusa to ocean acidification". Deep-Sea Research II 99: 27–35.
18. Jump up^ Pelejero, C. (2010). "Paleo-perspectives on ocean acidification". Trends in Ecology and Evolution 25 (6): 332–344.
19. Jump up^ Doney, S.C. (2009). "Ocean Acidification: The Other CO
    2 Problem". Annual Review of Marine Science 1: 169–192.
20. Jump up^ Zachos, J.C.; Röhl, U.; Schellenberg, S.A.; Sluijs, A.; Hodell, D.A.; Kelly, D.C.; Thomas, E.; Nicolo, M.; Raffi, I.; Lourens, L. J.; McCarren, H.; Kroon, D. (2005). "Rapid acidification of the ocean during the Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum". Science 308 (5728): 1611–1615.doi:10.1126/science.1109004. PMID 15947184.
21. Jump up^ "carbon cycle". Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Retrieved 11 Feb 2010.
22. Jump up^ Raven, J. A.; Falkowski, P. G. (1999). "Oceanic sinks for atmospheric CO
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23. Jump up^ Cramer, W.; et al. (2001). "Global response of terrestrial ecosystem structure and function to CO
    2 and climate change: results from six dynamic global vegetation models". Global Change Biology 7 (4): 357–373. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2486.2001.00383.x.
24. Jump up^ "Feely et al. - Impact of Anthropogenic CO2 on the CaCO3 System in the Oceans". pmel.noaa.gov. Retrieved 2014-01-25.
25. Jump up^ Kump, Lee R.; Kasting, James F.; Crane, Robert G. (2003). The Earth System (2nd ed.). Upper Saddle River: Prentice Hall. pp. 162–164.ISBN 0-613-91814-2.
26. Jump up^ IPCC (2005). "IPCC Special Report on Carbon Dioxide Capture and Storage". p. 390.
27. ^ Jump up to:a b c d e f g Raven, J. A. et al. (2005). Ocean acidification due to increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide. Royal Society, London, UK.
28. Jump up^ Bows, Kevin; Bows, Alice (2011). "Beyond 'dangerous' climate change: emission scenarios for a new world". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A 369 (1934): 20. Bibcode:2011RSPTA.369...20A. doi:10.1098/rsta.2010.0290. Retrieved 2011-05-22.
29. Jump up^ Turley, C. (2008). "Impacts of changing ocean chemistry in a high-CO
    2 world". Mineralogical Magazine 72 (1): 359–362.doi:10.1180/minmag.2008.072.1.359.
30. ^ Jump up to:a b Feely, R. A.; Sabine, C. L.; Hernandez-Ayon, J. M.; Ianson, D.; Hales B. (June 2008). "Evidence for upwelling of corrosive "acidified" water onto the continental shelf". Science 320 (5882): 1490–2. Bibcode:2008Sci...320.1490F. doi:10.1126/science.1155676. PMID 18497259.
31. ^ Jump up to:a b Key, R. M.; Kozyr, A.; Sabine, C. L.; Lee, K.; Wanninkhof, R.; Bullister, J.; Feely, R. A.; Millero, F.; Mordy, C. and Peng, T.-H. (2004). "A global ocean carbon climatology: Results from GLODAP". Global Biogeochemical Cycles 18 (4): GB4031. Bibcode:2004GBioC..18.4031K.doi:10.1029/2004GB002247.
32. Jump up^ "Ocean acidification and the Southern Ocean" by the Australian Antarctic Division of the Australian Government
33. Jump up^ EPA weighs action on ocean acidification post at official blog of EPOCA, the European Project on Ocean Acidification
34. Jump up^ Review of Past IPCC Emissions Scenarios, IPCC Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (ISBN 0521804930).
35. Jump up^ Wootton, J. T.; Pfister, C. A. and Forester, J. D. (2008). "Dynamic patterns and ecological impacts of declining ocean pH in a high-resolution multi-year dataset". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 105 (48): 18848–18853. Bibcode:2008PNAS..10518848W.doi:10.1073/pnas.0810079105. PMC 2596240. PMID 19033205.
36. Jump up^ "Ocean Growing More Acidic Faster Than Once Thought; Increasing Acidity Threatens Sea Life". Science Daily. 2008-11-26. Retrieved26 November 2008.
37. Jump up^ UN: Oceans are 30 percent more acidic than before fossil fuels
38. Jump up^ "What is Ocean Acidification". NOAA. Retrieved 24 August 2013.
39. Jump up^ "Rate of ocean acidification the fastest in 65 million years". Physorg.com. 2010-02-14. Retrieved 2013-08-29.
40. Jump up^ "An Ominous Warning on the Effects of Ocean Acidification by Carl Zimmer: Yale Environment 360". e360.yale.edu. Retrieved 2014-01-25.
41. Jump up^ Report: Ocean acidification rising at unprecedented rate
42. Jump up^ United States National Research Council, 2010. Ocean Acidification: A National Strategy to Meet the Challenges of a Changing Ocean
43. Jump up^ "The Geological Record of Ocean Acidification". JournalistsResource.org, retrieved 14 March 2012
44. Jump up^ Hönisch, Bärbel; Ridgwell, Andy; Schmidt, Daniela N.; Thomas, E.; Gibbs, S. J.; Sluijs, A.; Zeebe, R.; Kump, L.; Martindale, R. C.; Greene, S. E.; Kiessling, W.; Ries, J.; Zachos, J. C.; Royer, D. L.; Barker, S.; Marchitto, T. M.; Moyer, R.; Pelejero, C.; Ziveri, P.; Foster, G. L.; Williams, B. (2012). "The Geological Record of Ocean Acidification". Science 335 (6072): 1058–1063. Bibcode:2012Sci...335.1058H.doi:10.1126/science.1208277. PMID 22383840.
45. Jump up^ The Acid Ocean – the Other Problem with CO2 Emission
46. ^ Jump up to:a b How Acidification Threatens Oceans from the Inside Out
47. Jump up^ Fiona Harvey, environment correspondent (2013-08-25). "Rising levels of acids in seas may endanger marine life, says study | Environment". The Guardian. Retrieved 2013-08-29.
48. Jump up^ Mitchell, M. J.; et al (2010). "A model of carbon dioxide dissolution and mineral carbonation kinetics". Proceedings of the Royal Society A 466(2117): 1265–1290. doi:10.1098/rspa.2009.0349.
49. Jump up^ Atkinson, M.J.; Cuet, P. (2008). "Possible effects of ocean acidification on coral reef biogeochemistry: topics for research". Marine Ecology Progress Series 373: 249–256. doi:10.3354/meps07867.
50. Jump up^ Thurman, H.V.; Trujillo, A.P. (2004). Introductory Oceanography. Prentice Hall. ISBN 978-0-13-143888-0.
51. Jump up^ The Royal Society. Ocean Acidification Due To Increasing Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide, The Clyvedon Press Ltd. (2005): 11.
52. Jump up^ Marubini, F.; Ferrier-Pagès, C.; Furla, P.; Allemand, D. (2008). "Coral calcification responds to seawater acidification: a working hypothesis towards a physiological mechanism". Coral Reefs 27 (3): 491–499. Bibcode:2008CorRe..27..491M. doi:10.1007/s00338-008-0375-6.
53. ^ Jump up to:a b Rosa, R.; Seibel, B. (2008). "Synergistic effects of climate-related variables suggest future physiological impairment in a top oceanic predator". P.n.a.s. 105 (52): 20776–20780. Bibcode:2008PNAS..10520776R. doi:10.1073/pnas.0806886105.
54. ^ Jump up to:a b Bibby, R.; et al. (2008). "Effects of ocean acidification on the immune response of the blue mussel Mytilus edulis". Aquatic Biology 2: 67–74.doi:10.3354/ab00037.
55. Jump up^ Gooding, R.; et al. (2008). "Elevated water temperature and carbon dioxide concentration increase the growth of a keystone echinoderm".Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. doi:10.1073/pnas.0811143106.
56. Jump up^ Some like it acidic April 17, 2013 Science News
57. Jump up^ "Ocean Acidification Summary for Policymakers". IGBP.
58. Jump up^ National Research Council. Overview of Climate Changes and Illustrative Impacts. Climate Stabilization Targets: Emissions, Concentrations, and Impacts over Decades to Millennia. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2011. 1. Print.
59. Jump up^ Nienhuis, S.; Palmer, A.; Harley, C. (2010). "Elevated CO2 affects shell dissolution rate but not calcification rate in a marine snail". Proceedings of the Royal Society B 277 (1693): 2553–2558. doi:10.1098/rspb.2010.0206. PMC 2894921. PMID 20392726.
60. Jump up^ Gattuso, J.-P.; Frankignoulle, M.; Bourge, I.; Romaine, S. and Buddemeier, R. W. (1998). "Effect of calcium carbonate saturation of seawater on coral calcification". Global and Planetary Change 18 (1–2): 37–46. Bibcode:1998GPC....18...37G. doi:10.1016/S0921-8181(98)00035-6.
61. Jump up^ Gattuso, J.-P.; Allemand, D.; Frankignoulle, M. (1999). "Photosynthesis and calcification at cellular, organismal and community levels in coral reefs: a review on interactions and control by carbonate chemistry". American Zoologist 39: 160–183. doi:10.1093/icb/39.1.160.
62. Jump up^ Langdon, C.; Atkinson, M. J. (2005). "Effect of elevated pCO
    2 on photosynthesis and calcification of corals and interactions with seasonal change in temperature/irradiance and nutrient enrichment". Journal of Geophysical Research 110 (C09S07): C09S07.Bibcode:2005JGRC..11009S07L. doi:10.1029/2004JC002576.
63. Jump up^ Riebesell, Ulf; Zondervan, Ingrid; Rost, Björn; Tortell, Philippe D.; Zeebe, Richard E. and François M. M. Morel (2000). "Reduced calcification of marine plankton in response to increased atmospheric CO
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64. Jump up^ Zondervan, I.; Zeebe, R. E., Rost, B. and Rieblesell, U. (2001). "Decreasing marine biogenic calcification: a negative feedback on rising atmospheric CO2". Global Biogeochemical Cycles 15 (2): 507–516. Bibcode:2001GBioC..15..507Z. doi:10.1029/2000GB001321.
65. Jump up^ Zondervan, I.; Rost, B. and Rieblesell, U. (2002). "Effect of CO
    2 concentration on the PIC/POC ratio in the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyigrown under light limiting conditions and different day lengths". Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 272 (1): 55–70.doi:10.1016/S0022-0981(02)00037-0.
66. Jump up^ Delille, B.; Harlay, J., Zondervan, I., Jacquet, S., Chou, L., Wollast, R., Bellerby, R.G.J., Frankignoulle, M., Borges, A.V., Riebesell, U. and Gattuso, J.-P. (2005). "Response of primary production and calcification to changes of pCO
    2 during experimental blooms of the coccolithophorid Emiliania huxleyi". Global Biogeochemical Cycles 19 (2): GB2023. Bibcode:2005GBioC..19.2023D. doi:10.1029/2004GB002318.
67. Jump up^ Kuffner, I. B.; Andersson, A. J., Jokiel, P. L., Rodgers, K. S. and Mackenzie, F. T. (2007). "Decreased abundance of crustose coralline algae due to ocean acidification". Nature Geoscience 1 (2): 114–117. Bibcode:2008NatGe...1..114K. doi:10.1038/ngeo100.
68. Jump up^ Phillips, Graham; Chris Branagan (2007-09-13). "Ocean Acidification – The BIG global warming story". ABC TV Science: Catalyst (Australian Broadcasting Corporation). Retrieved 2007-09-18.
69. Jump up^ Gazeau, F.; Quiblier, C.; Jansen, J. M.; Gattuso, J.-P.; Middelburg, J. J. and Heip, C. H. R. (2007). "Impact of elevated CO
    2 on shellfish calcification". Geophysical Research Letters 34 (7): L07603. Bibcode:2007GeoRL..3407603G. doi:10.1029/2006GL028554.
70. Jump up^ Comeau, C.; Gorsky, G., Jeffree, R., Teyssié, J.-L. and Gattuso, J.-P. (2009). "Impact of ocean acidification on a key Arctic pelagic mollusc ("Limacina helicina")". Biogeosciences 6 (9): 1877–1882. doi:10.5194/bg-6-1877-2009.
71. Jump up^ Buitenhuis, E. T.; de Baar, H. J. W. and Veldhuis, M. J. W. (1999). "Photosynthesis and calcification by Emiliania huxleyi (Prymnesiophyceae) as a function of inorganic carbon species". Journal of Phycology 35 (5): 949–959. doi:10.1046/j.1529-8817.1999.3550949.x.
72. Jump up^ Nimer, N. A.; Merrett, M. J. (1993). "Calcification rate in Emiliania huxleyi Lohmann in response to light, nitrate and availability of inorganic carbon". New Phytologist 123 (4): 673–677. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.1993.tb03776.x.
73. ^ Jump up to:a b Iglesias-Rodriguez, M. D.; Halloran, P. R., Rickaby, R. E. M., Hall, I. R., Colmenero-Hidalgo, E., Gittins, J.R., Green, D.R.H., Tyrrell, T., Gibbs, S.J., von Dassow, P., Rehm, E., Armbrust, E.V. and Boessenkool, K.P. (2008). "Phytoplankton Calcification in a High-CO
    2 World". Science 320(5874): 336–340. Bibcode:2008Sci...320..336I. doi:10.1126/science.1154122. PMID 18420926.
74. Jump up^ Sciandra, A.; Harlay, J.; Lefevre, D. et al. (2003). "Response of coccolithophorid Emiliania huxleyi to elevated partial pressure of CO
    2 under nitrogen limitation". Marine Ecology Progress Series 261: 111–112. doi:10.3354/meps261111.
75. Jump up^ Langer, G.; Geisen, M., Baumann, K. H. et al. (2006). "Species-specific responses of calcifying algae to changing seawater carbonate chemistry". Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems 7 (9): Q09006. Bibcode:2006GGG.....709006L. doi:10.1029/2005GC001227.
76. Jump up^ "Acidification Of Oceans May Contribute To Global Declines Of Shellfish, Study By Stony Brook Scientists Concludes" (Press release). School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences at Stony Brook University. 27 September 2010. Retrieved 4 June 2012.
77. Jump up^ Ruttiman, J. (2006). "Sick Seas". Nature 442 (7106): 978–980. Bibcode:2006Natur.442..978R. doi:10.1038/442978a. PMID 16943816.
78. Jump up^ Cohen, A.; Holcomb, M. (2009). "Why Corals Care About Ocean Acidification: Uncovering the Mechanism". Oceanography 24 (4): 118–127.doi:10.5670/oceanog.2009.102.
79. Jump up^ Hannah L. Wood, John I. Spicer and Stephen Widdicombe (2008). "Ocean acidification may increase calcification rates, but at a cost".Proceedings of the Royal Society B 275 (1644): 1767–1773. doi:10.1098/rspb.2008.0343. PMC 2587798. PMID 18460426.
80. Jump up^ Dixson, D. L.; et al. (2010). "Ocean acidification disrupts the innate ability of fish to detect predator olfactory cues". Ecology Letters 13 (1): 68–75.doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2009.01400.x. PMID 19917053.
81. Jump up^ Simpson, S. D.; et al. (2011). "Ocean acidification erodes crucial auditory behaviour in a marine fish". Biology Letters 7 (6): 917–20.doi:10.1098/rsbl.2011.0293. PMC 3210647. PMID 21632617.
82. Jump up^ Hester, K. C.; et al. (2008). "Unanticipated consequences of ocean acidification: A noisier ocean at lower pH". Geophysical Research Letters35 (19). doi:10.1029/2008GL034913.
83. Jump up^ Acid In The Oceans: A Growing Threat To Sea Life by Richard Harris. All Things Considered, 12 August 2009.
84. Jump up^ Kwok, Roberta. "Ocean acidification could make squid develop abnormally". University of Washington. Retrieved 2013-08-24.
85. Jump up^ "Swiss marine researcher moving in for the krill". The Australian. 2008.
86. Jump up^ Ridgwell, A.; Zondervan, I.; Hargreaves, J. C.; Bijma, J.; Lenton, T. M. (2007). "Assessing the potential long-term increase of oceanic fossil fuelCO
    2 uptake due to CO
    2-calcification feedback". Biogeosciences 4 (4): 481–492. doi:10.5194/bg-4-481-2007.
87. Jump up^ Tyrrell, T. (2008). "Calcium carbonate cycling in future oceans and its influence on future climates". Journal of Plankton Research 30 (2): 141–156. doi:10.1093/plankt/fbm105.
88. Jump up^ "Effects of Ocean Acidification on Marine Species & Ecosystems". Report. OCEANA. Retrieved October 13, 2013.
89. ^ Jump up to:a b Lischka S., B ̈ udenbender J., Boxhammer T., Riebesell U. (15 April 2011). "Impact of ocean acidification and elevated temperatures on early juveniles of the polar shelled pteropod Limacina helicina : mortality, shell degradation, and shell growth". Report. Biogeosciences. pp. 919–932. Retrieved 14 November 2013.
90. Jump up^ "Comprehensive study of Arctic Ocean acidification". Study. CICERO. Retrieved 14 November 2013.
91. Jump up^ "Antarctic marine wildlife is under threat, study finds". BBC Nature. Retrieved October 13, 2013.
92. Jump up^ V. J. Fabry, C. Langdon, W. M. Balch, A. G. Dickson, R. A. Feely, B. Hales, D. A. Hutchins, J. A. Kleypas, and C. L. Sabine. "Present and Future Impacts of Ocean Acidification on Marine Ecosystems and Biogeochemical Cycles". Report of the Ocean Carbon and Biogeochemistry Scoping Workshop on Ocean Acidification Research.
93. Jump up^ "Canada's State of the Oceans Report, 2012". Report. Fisheries and Oceans Canada. 2012. Retrieved 21 October 2013.
94. Jump up^ Robert J. Foy, Mark Carls, Michael Dalton, Tom Hurst, W. Christopher Long, Dusanka Poljak, André E. Punt, Michael F. Sigler, Robert P. Stone, Katherine M. Swiney (Winter 2013). "CO 2 , pH, and Anticipating a Future under Ocean Acidification". Newsgroup: ONCORHYNCHUS. Retrieved 14 November 2013.
95. Jump up^ "Bering Sea Crab Fishery". Report. Seafood Market Bulletin. November 2005. Retrieved 10 November 2013.
96. Jump up^ Snyder, John. "Tourism in the Polar Regions: The Sustainability Challenge". Report. UNEP, The International Ecotourism Society. Retrieved13 October 2013.
97. Jump up^ Muniz, I. P. (May 1984). "The Effects of Acidification on Scandinavian Freshwater Fish Fauna". Series B, Biological Sciences 305 (1124): 517.Bibcode:1984RSPTB.305..517M. doi:10.1098/rstb.1984.0074. JSTOR 2396102.
98. Jump up^ Table TS.2 (p.9) and Figure TS.10 (p.20), in: Technical Summary, in Clarke & others 2007
99. ^ Jump up to:a b Halting ocean acidification in time, in: Summary for Policymakers, in WBGU 2006, p. 3
100. Jump up^ UNFCCC. Conference of the Parties (COP) (15 March 2011). "Report of the Conference of the Parties on its sixteenth session, held in Cancun from 29 November to 10 December 2010. Addendum. Part two: Action taken by the Conference of the Parties at its sixteenth session". Geneva, Switzerland: United Nations, p.3, paragraph 4. Document available in UN languages and text format.
101. Jump up^ Ch 2: Which emission pathways are consistent with a 2 °C or 1.5 °C temperature limit?, in UNEP 2010, pp. 28–29
102. Jump up^ Good & others 2010, Executive Summary
103. Jump up^ Summary, in UK Royal Society 2009, pp. ix-xii
104. Jump up^ "Ch 5: Key Elements of America's Climate Choices". Box 5.1: Geoengineering. Missing or empty |title= (help), in US NRC 2011, pp. 52–53
105. Jump up^ Trujillo, Alan (2011). Essentials of Oceanography. Pearson Education, Inc. p. 157. ISBN 9780321668127.
106. Jump up^ Cao, L.; Caldeira, K. (2010). "Can ocean iron fertilization mitigate ocean acidification?". Climatic Change 99 (1–2): 303–311. doi:10.1007/s10584-010-9799-4.
107. Jump up^ Sec 2.3.1 Ocean fertilisation methods, in Ch 2: Carbon dioxide removal techniques, in UK Royal Society 2009, pp. 16–19
108. Jump up^ Table 2.8, in: Sec 2.3.1 Ocean fertilisation methods, in Ch 2: Carbon dioxide removal techniques, in UK Royal Society 2009, p. 18
109. Jump up^ DiMascio, Felice; Willauer, Heather D. ; Hardy, Dennis R. ; Lewis, M. Kathleen ; Williams, Frederick W. (July 23, 2010). Extraction of Carbon Dioxide from Seawater by an Electrochemical Acidification Cell. Part 1 - Initial Feasibility Studies (memorandum report). Washington, DC: Chemistry Division, Navy Technology Center for Safety and Survivability, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory. Retrieved September 7, 2012.
110. Jump up^ Willauer, Heather D.; DiMascio, Felice; Hardy, Dennis R.; Lewis, M. Kathleen; Williams, Frederick W. (April 11, 2011). Extraction of Carbon Dioxide from Seawater by an Electrochemical Acidification Cell. Part 2 - Laboratory Scaling Studies (memorandum report). Washington, DC: Chemistry Division, Navy Technology Center for Safety and Survivability, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory. Retrieved September 7, 2012.
111. Jump up^ Eisaman, Matthew D.; et al. (2012). "CO2 extraction from seawater using bipolar membrane electrodialysis". Energy and Environmental Science 5 (6): 7346–52. doi:10.1039/C2EE03393C. Retrieved September 7, 2012.

Oh cricky, do you realize that almost all of those "links" go to the same wiki post? Nope, I didn't think you did.

 

[Crick]

I know a list like that in the post above can just make your eyes glaze over. But I wanted to get the point across to those that think Wikipedia articles are just a joke, that the material has some very good provenance. To make the list below, I took the list above and cut out everything except the name of the source journal, magazine, news release, whatever; to which the article referred.

Nature

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

Science

Journal of Geophysical Research

Nature

International Council for Science's Scientific Committee on Ocean Research (SCOR) Biological Observatories Workshop

Nature

PLoS Biology 11

Nature

"Rising Acidity Is Threatening Food Web of Oceans, Science Panel Says". New York Times.

Science

"Interacademy Panel (IAP) Member Academies Statement on Ocean Acidification".,

NOAA Chief Says,"Ocean Acidification Is Climate Change s Equally Evil Twin NOAA Chief Says

Deep-Sea Research

Trends in Ecology and Evolution

Annual Review of Marine Science

Science

Encyclopædia Britannica Online

Cell & Environment

Global Change Biology

pmel.noaa.gov

The Earth System (2nd ed.)

Royal Society

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society

Mineralogical Magazine

Science

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

Australian Antarctic Division of the Australian Government

European Project on Ocean Acidification

IPCC Special Report on Emissions Scenarios

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

Science Daily

NOAA

Physorg.com

Yale Environment 360

United States National Research Council

JournalistsResource.org

Science

How Acidification Threatens Oceans from the Inside Out

The Guardian

Proceedings of the Royal Society

Marine Ecology Progress Series

Introductory Oceanography

The Royal Society

Coral Reefs

Proceedings of the National Academy of Science

Aquatic Biology

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

National Research Council

The National Academies Press

Proceedings of the Royal Society

Global and Planetary Change

American Zoologist

Journal of Geophysical Research

Nature

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

Nature Geoscience

"Ocean Acidification – The BIG global warming story". ABC TV Science: Catalyst (Australian Broadcasting Corporation)

Geophysical Research Letters

Biogeosciences

Journal of Phycology

New Phytologist

Science

Marine Ecology Progress Series

Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems

School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences at Stony Brook University

Nature

Oceanography

Proceedings of the Royal Society

Ecology Letters

Biology Letters

Geophysical Research Letters

All Things Considered

University of Washington

The Australian

Biogeosciences

Journal of Plankton Research

Biogeosciences

BBC Nature

Report of the Ocean Carbon and Biogeochemistry Scoping Workshop on Ocean Acidification Research.

Fisheries and Oceans Canada

Newsgroup: ONCORHYNCHUS

Seafood Market Bulletin

UNEP, The International Ecotourism Society

Biological Sciences

UK Royal Society

Geoengineering

Climatic Change

UK Royal Society

UK Royal Society

Chemistry Division, Navy Technology Center for Safety and Survivability, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory

Chemistry Division, Navy Technology Center for Safety and Survivability, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory

Energy and Environmental Science

They're not all rocket science, but have you ever seen a reference list like that at Climate Audit or WUWT? I haven't, and I've looked.

 

[Crick]

Oh cricky, do you realize that almost all of those "links" go to the same wiki post? Nope, I didn't think you did.

Let me guess, you're clicking on the hotspot that says "Jump up^" and it's taking you to the top of the Reference section in the original Ocean Acidification article... just like it's supposed to. Or are you talking about USMB's warning that you've hit an external redirect? That's all very impressive of you. You're quite the internet hotshot.

 

[Gracie]

JEEZ LOUISE PEOPLE!!

Can't ya just be fascinated they finally got down that far instead of NITPICKING the OP's post? FUCK A DUCK ALREADY!!!!

 

[CrusaderFrank]

Any lab work showing how a 120PPM increase in CO2 is making the atmosphere and ocean 2 degrees warmer while dropping pH from 8.25 to 8.11?

 

[CrusaderFrank]

Frank, do you have material indicating that the ocean is not becoming more acidic or that such acidification presents no threat from more reliable sources than the EPA, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI), the Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, the Smithsonian Institution or this list of references from Wikipedia's Ocean Acidification article?:

References

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This is like a Trolling Blunder post. We ask "where's the lab work?" and we get a list of articles by AGWCult members (that we paid for) firmly establishing that any story on the Weather Channel is caused by Global Warming.