During the presidential campaign of 1932, Roosevelt had opposed the veterans' bonus demands.
[31] A second bonus march planned for the following year in May by the "National Liaison Committee of Washington," disavowed by the previous year's bonus army leadership, demanded that the Federal government provide marchers housing and food during their stay in the capital.
[32] Despite his opposition to the marcher's demand for immediate payment of the bonus, Roosevelt greeted them quite differently than did Hoover. The administration set up a special camp for the marchers at Fort Hunt, Virginia, providing forty field kitchens serving three meals a day, bus transportation to and from the capital, and entertainment in the form of military bands.
[33]
Administration officials, led by presidential confidant
Louis Howe, tried to negotiate an end to the protest. Roosevelt arranged for his wife, Eleanor, to visit the site unaccompanied. She lunched with the veterans and listened to them perform songs. She reminisced about her memories of seeing troops off to
World War I and welcoming them home. The most that she could offer was a promise of positions in the newly created
Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC).
[30] One veteran commented, "Hoover sent the army, Roosevelt sent his wife."
[34] In a press conference following her visit, the First Lady described her reception as courteous and praised the marchers, highlighting how comfortable she felt despite critics of the marchers who described them as communists and criminals.
[30]
Roosevelt later issued an executive order allowing the enrollment of 25,000 veterans in the CCC, exempting them from the normal requirement that applicants be unmarried and under the age of 25.
[35] Congress, with Democrats holding majorities in both houses, passed the
Adjusted Compensation Payment Act in 1936, authorizing the immediate payment of the $2 billion in World War I bonuses, and then overrode Roosevelt's veto of the measure.
[36] The House vote was 324 to 61,
[37] and the Senate vote was 76 to 19.
[38]