So do Vermont people have a similar accent to Rhode Island, Connecticut, Maine etc?
Eh, not really. Maybe slightly like Maine. But there are so many immigrants in Vermont, it's diluted.
Meaning, immigrants from other states. I was one of them.
The NOLA accent has a slight Brooklyn thing about it, it's certainly NOT Southern.
You are correct Oosie, it has a similar diphthong and it's absolutely different from the South, even fifty miles away.
I grew up hearing the accents of my cousins/aunts/uncles in southern Mississippi, which is a very different accent from Appalacchia where I live now.
So how did people in NOLA get this type of accent? Who brought it to them?
There are different theories. Specifically the diphthong we're talking about is called the "coil-curl merger".
From Wiki:
>> The coil–curl merger is a vowel merger that historically occurred in some dialects of English. It is particularly associated with the early twentieth-century (but now extinct or moribund) dialects of
New York City, New York;
New Orleans, Louisiana; and
Charleston, South Carolina.
[16] In fact, in speakers born before World War I, this merger apparently predominated throughout older Southern U.S. speech, ranging from "South Carolina to Texas and north to eastern Arkansas and the southern edge of Kentucky."[17]
The merger caused the vowel classes associated with the
General American phonemes /ɔɪ/, as in
choice, and /ɝ/, as in
nurse, to merge, making words like
coil and
curl, as well as
voice and
verse, homophones. The merged vowel was typically a diphthong [əɪ], with a mid central starting point (though sometimes [ɜɪ]), rather than the back rounded starting point of /ɔɪ/ of
choice in most other accents of English. The merger happened only before a consonant;
stir and
boy never rhymed.
[18]
The merger is responsible for the "Brooklynese" stereotypes of
bird sounding like
boid and
thirty-third sounding like
toity-toid. The songwriter
Sam M. Lewis, a native New Yorker, rhymed
returning with
joining in the lyrics of the English-language version of
Gloomy Sunday. <<
I have never been to Charleston but I have heard the conflation from older speakers. Just recently I noted it watching a historical video (1950s) from a speaker born and raised in Alabama, reflecting the bolded part above. It doesn't seem to be derived
from Brooklyn, but existed concurrently with prominent Brooklyners perhaps claiming most of the spotlight, but in fact was already more widespread than that. On the other hand Bernie Sanders, who begat all this tangent, doesn't feature the coil-curl merger in his speech.
It can be acute in New Orleans though -- I remember hearing a local in New Orleans ask for --- either a "laser pointer" or a "laser printer". No one could establish which one he was talking about because, amazingly, in the Yat accent there is no difference in pronunciation between "pointer" and "printer". They are both pronounced "pernter", which isn't even a word. So you "pernt" in some direction, and you also "pernt" a document.
We should note the Yat is not the only accent in New Orleans. In contrast there's an "Uptown" upper-class accent that is much less distinctive with just a few telltale effects such as pronouncing the word "again" as "uh-gayn", rather than the more standard American English "uh-gyehn".