So as not to add to my possible confusion then, it may be a good idea to borrow an federal explanation from another source, and then the meaning of federal can be looked at, and either agreed upon, or improved, or rejected, in some useful way; again to avoid further confusion on my part - please consider:
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Second, federalism permits the states to operate as laboratories of democracy-to experiment with various policies and Programs. For example, if Tennessee wanted to provide a state-run health system for its citizens, the other 49 states could observe the effects of this venture on Tennessee's economy, the quality of care provided, and the overall cost of health care. If the plan proved to be efficacious other states might choose to emulate it, or adopt a plan taking into account any problems surfacing in Tennessee. If the plan proved to be a disastrous intervention, the other 49 could decide to leave the provision of medical care to the private sector. With national plans and programs, the national officials simply roll the dice for all 284 million people of the United States and hope they get things right.
Experimentation in policymaking also encourages a healthy competition among units of government and allows the people to vote with their feet should they find a law of policy detrimental to their interests. Using again the state-run health system as an example, if a citizen of Tennessee was unhappy with Tennessee's meddling with the provisions of health care, the citizen could move to a neighboring state. Reallocation to a state like North Carolina, with a similar culture and climate, would not be a dramatic shift and would be a viable option. Moreover, if enough citizens exercised this option, Tennessee would be pressured to abandon its foray into socialized medicine, or else lose much of its tax base. To escape a national health system, a citizen would have to emigrate to a foreign country, an option far less appealing and less likely to be exercised than moving to a neighboring state. Without competition from other units of government, the national government would have much less incentive than Tennessee would to modify the objectionable policy. Clearly, the absence of experimentation and competition hampers the creation of effective programs and makes the modification of failed national programs less likely.
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That author employs (chose) the word federalism, so which meanings do you intend to convey when you use the two words federal and federalism?
To me there are two opposite definitions for each word as such:
True meaning of Federal: Voluntary Union of Mutual Defense Associations where people in competitive defense associations, or States, either pay into, or do not pay into, invest into, or not invest into, a collective FUND used for Mutual Defense of the innocent people from the guilty people in each State.
True meaning of Federalism: The idea and effective actions inspired by the idea of voluntarily combining defensive power into one voluntary union involving many independent and competitive defense associations whereby the competition is to inspire people to find the highest quality and lowest cost competitor among the competitors seeking to supply effective defense of the innocent victims from the guilty criminals in every case possible, and afforded to everyone except those who decide not to voluntarily agree to the process that is agreed upon in each competitive mutual defense association.
False meaning of Federal: Criminals claim to be working toward federation yet their actions prove beyond reasonable doubt that they perpetrate that specific fraud which then covers up many more crimes they perpetrate under the color of law.
False meaning of Federalism: The idea and the effective actions inspired by the idea that the best way to get away with any crime imaginable is to convince the victims that the criminals are there to protect and serve the innocent victims.
I hope that the above can in some way clear up any further confusions on my end, or elsewhere.
Quote Source:
Reclaiming the American Revolution The Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions and Their Legacy William Watkins 9781403963031 Amazon.com Books