2003
However, the Beaumont procedure doesn't require embryonic stem cells at all, because the necessary cells were taken from Bonnville's own blood. The experimental therapy also eliminates the need for another intensely debated technique: therapeutic cloning.
The assumption that therapeutic cloning is key to the success of embryonic stem-cell therapies (none of which has yet been shown to work) has permeated both the stem-cell and cloning debates.
By creating a cloned embryo of a patient and extracting stem cells from it, scientists believe they might get around the body's tendency to reject new cells as an immune response.
Since Bonnville's own cells were used in the procedure, rejection isn't a concern, O'Neill said.
"They're his own cells, highly concentrated, and we put them into the damaged area," he said. "We wouldn't anticipate anything different than we would normally."
Other studies have suggested that simply injecting stem cells into a damaged area might be enough to instigate tissue repair. But most of the work has been done with younger stem cells taken from embryos or aborted fetuses.
This appears to be the first piece of evidence that stem cells taken from someone as old as 16 have differentiated so effectively. Still, O'Neill says he's not sure the results could be duplicated in older people.
"We know that based on age, older people have less recovery of heart function," he said. "It's very possible this is age-dependent."
Other researchers said the results look promising, but that it will take time to determine whether the treatment is a success.
"I think it's extremely hopeful," said Dr. Neil Theise, a stem-cell researcher at Beth Israel Medical Center in New York.
Dr. Sam Dudley, a cardiologist at Emory University in Atlanta who is also involved in stem-cell research, said that even if Bonnville continues to improve, it may be hard to know whether it was thanks to the therapy, and, if so, how it worked.
"I think this is a wonderful thing that they did," Dudley said. "We have to (proceed) judiciously because we need to know a little bit more what we're doing."
The fact that Dimitri Bonnville didn't have any appealing alternatives to the stem-cell therapy made the decision to go with an experimental treatment easy, his father said.
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