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A government is firmly in place when it has a Constitution or some other guiding set of laws and the leadership has been elected in accordance with such. It also has a court system through which to interpret law and a police force which handles enforcement.
General MacArthur became, except in name, dictator of Japan.
Japan was extensively fire bombed during the second world war. The stench of sewer gas, rotting garbage, and the acrid smell of ashes and scorched debris pervaded the air. The Japanese people had to live in the damp, and cold of the concrete buildings, because they were the only ones left.
All the Japanese heard was democracy from the Americans. All they cared about was food.
No food was brought in expressly for the Japanese during the first six months after the American presence there. General MacArther asked the government to send food, when they refused he sent another telegram that said, "Send me food, or send me bullets.
The most important aspect of the democratization policy was the
adoption of a new constitution and its supporting
legislation. When the Japanese government proved too
confused or too reluctant to come up with a constitutional
reform that satisfied MacArthur, he had his own staff draft
a new constitution in February 1946.
Powerful cleric's demand for quick elections is undermining Bush administration's plan for political transition in Iraq, delaying drafting of interim constitution and creating serious new split in Iraqi Governing Council;
Iraq's current top official has demanded that Islam be the principal basis for Iraq's laws, a move that breaches a previous agreement among the framers of the interim constitution and creates the possibility that Islamic law could rule the land.
"Initially, the Japanese themselves were charged with the duty of coming up with a document that would meet with the approval of the Americans. ... Time after time, however, the Japanese delegation presented MacArthurÂ’s staff with only warmed-over constitutional provisions that were hardly different than the original ones."
It was understandably slow going as the men discussed sweeping changes that constitutionally renounced war, junked the feudalistic system, established sovereignty in the people, and retained the emperor essentially as a figurehead. As Mrs.Gordon remembers it, when finally the subject of women’s rights came up, “all hell broke loose.”
The subservience of women was as basic to Japanese men in 1946 as was their reverence for the beloved emperor. Many hours went by with no progress on the issue. Finally, an interesting event broke the logjam.....
Article 13 and 19 in the new Constitution, prohibits discrimination in political, Economic, and social relations because of race, creed, sex, Social status, or family origin.
1. Japan was a nation defeated in every sense of the word. Their very spirit was crushed, making them considerably more docile, unlike the Iraqis who seem to have only begun to resist. Of course, they have been worn down over many years of war and embargo, but I don't think they are nearly as "defeated" in spirit as were the Japanese. What you say about liberal criticism of "attrocities" in the Iraq war is in some ways relevant, but the definitive fact is that the grinding war that was in the pacific was by far more devastating in material and spirit than that in Iraq. In Japan, the end of the war was the end of the war.
2. Japan remained devoted to their emperor, who cooperated with the US and was maintained as a figurehead. The "council" in Iraq is in no way representative of the hearts and minds of the Iraqis.
3. Japan, even after the war, was not a particularly divided society. They did not have any obstacles like the religious and ideological divisions which stratify Iraqi society.
4. Japan, as an island, was not nearly as accessible for foreign insurgents, if there had been such a thing in Japan. In Iraq, all of its neighbors have a significant stake in the outcome of the new government, and you can believe that all will go to significant lengths to try to manipulate the process in their own favour. And that's not even to mention terrorist / fundamentalist groups.
Including with these significant (and to my mind advantageous) differences, and in the absence of the problems that the media currently presents to the unilateral activities of the temporary American administration, the occupation in Japan was to last seven years. (speaking of difference in media coverage, it is also true that the US was dominated by an intense racial hatred of the Japanese after the war, and even though conditions were inhumane, Americans were willing to let Japs starve and freeze. Such negligent behaviour today is met with outcry from the press and certain factions of the society. I would say this difference is positive, rather than negative, for what it says about our humanity.)
Another difference: the American economy post WW II was in a boom time, and more able to shoulder the costs of reconstruction. Not so today. In your economic analysis of US money earmarked for reconstruction, I accept your comparison while I expect that the percentage of the overall US budget earmarked for reconstruction is considerably greater now than it was in 1946.
Just some food for thought. I enjoyed your post.
Originally posted by DKSuddeth
we shouldn't be pulling out of iraq anytime soon. we need even more troops in iraq to rid it of its insurgency and the AQ cell floating in. We also need to be doing more to swing the iraqi populace over to helping us instead of waiting for us to help them.
Originally posted by nbdysfu
I agree with DK, but I think one might consider wether we need more troops or more police, MP, and fire fighters there.