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Extremely Important Issue:
With respect to a real estate mortgage transaction (also applicable to auto-loan notes, and credit card agreements) — (evidence of debt)
the signed wet-ink original promissory note (SWIOPN), and
the signed wet-ink original mortgage agreement (SWIOMA), were
1. deposited as cash by a financial institution into a transaction account, and
2. thereafter, the SWIOPN and the SWIOMA were separately sold to an “aggregator” who “pooled” said writings, and
3. thereafter, Mortgage Backed Securities (MBS) were issued against those writings, and
4. Credit Default Swaps (CDS) were issued as default “insurance” against those writings, and
5. pursuant to government regulation and authorization, the SWIOPN and the SWIOMA was/were rendered into a “security,” and
6. securities are regulated by the SEC and subject to all laws applicable to securities, and
7. No one can locate and produce the SWIOPN-SWIOMA after such writings are converted into securities.
Every security writing, that I have EVER seen, other than Federal Reserve Notes (FRNs), plainly and conspicuously displays on its face words that exactly duplicate or impart the same identical meaning as the following words: — VOID IF ALTERED OR COPIED —
How is it LEGAL for an attorney, an officer of the court, representing a financial institution, to seek and be granted a remedy, ordered by a court, that requires the issuer of a security, the SWIOPN-SWIOMA, to redeem or “cash” a COPY of such security?
There are very strict and burdensome penalties for counterfeiting a security: See
18 U.S.C. § 471
18 U.S.C. § 472
18 U.S.C. § 473
18 U.S.C. § 474
Also, there are the requirements for copying securities at: 31 CFR § 411.1.
Electronic Code of Federal Regulations:
These rules are applicable to a security such as a SWIOPN and SWIOMA.
This is the reason for "Show Me The Note."
The BAR-flys (lawyers) going into courts with COPIES of securities to get foreclosure judgments for the confiscation of property, at the barrel of a gun, are committing "fraud upon the court," when a court takes action to the prejudice of the defendant based upon the misrepresentation of the legitimacy of a
COPY of a security.
Failure to produce the original wet-ink security by the entity claiming the right to a remedy upon such "not in evidence" security, goes directly to
STANDING,
identification of the actual
"real party in interest."
See Rule 17, Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, like rule mirrored in every set of rules used by the state courts.
US CODE: Title 28a,Rule 17. Parties Plaintiff and Defendant; Capacity
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15 USC § 77b. Definitions; promotion of efficiency, competition, and capital formation
United States Code: Title 15,77b. Definitions; promotion of efficiency, competition, and capital formation | LII / Legal Information Institute
(a) Definitions
When used in this subchapter, unless the context otherwise requires —
(1) The term “security” means any note, stock, treasury stock, security future, bond, debenture, evidence of indebtedness, certificate of interest or participation in any profit-sharing agreement, collateral-trust certificate, preorganization certificate or subscription, transferable share, investment contract, voting-trust certificate, certificate of deposit for a security, fractional undivided interest in oil, gas, or other mineral rights, any put, call, straddle, option, or privilege on any security, certificate of deposit, or group or index of securities (including any interest therein or based on the value thereof), or any put, call, straddle, option, or privilege entered into on a national securities exchange relating to foreign currency, or, in general, any interest or instrument commonly known as a “security”, or any certificate of interest or participation in, temporary or interim certificate for, receipt for, guarantee of, or warrant or right to subscribe to or purchase, any of the foregoing.
Promissory Notes and Mortgage Deeds are characterized as “Securities” by definition.
See:
12 CFR § 1.2(m)(3)
Electronic Code of Federal Regulations:
“A residential mortgage-related security that is offered and sold pursuant to section 4(5) of the Securities Act of 1933, 15 U.S.C. 77d(5), that is rated investment grade or is the credit equivalent thereof, or a residential mortgage-related security as described in section 3(a)(41) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, 15 U.S.C. 78c(a)(41)), that is rated investment grade in one of the two highest investment grade rating categories, and that does not otherwise qualify as a Type I security.”
Securities are regulated by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission. Very strict statutes and regulations govern what can and cannot be done with “Securities.”
Reference requirements applicable to reproduction or “copying” of “Securities:”
18 USC § 8. Obligation or other security of the United States defined
United States Code: Title 18,8. Obligation or other security of the United States defined | LII / Legal Information Institute
The term "obligation or other security of the United States" includes all bonds, certificates of indebtedness, national bank currency, Federal Reserve notes, Federal Reserve bank notes, coupons, United States notes, Treasury notes, gold certificates, silver certificates, fractional notes, certificates of deposit, bills, checks, or drafts for money, drawn by or upon authorized officers of the United States, stamps and other representatives of value, of whatever denomination, issued under any Act of Congress, and canceled United States stamps.
18 USC § 471. Obligations or securities of United States
United States Code: Title 18,471. Obligations or securities of United States | LII / Legal Information Institute
Whoever, with intent to defraud, falsely makes, forges, counterfeits, or alters any obligation or other security of the United States, shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than 20 years, or both.
18 USC § 472. Uttering counterfeit obligations or securities
United States Code: Title 18,472. Uttering counterfeit obligations or securities | LII / Legal Information Institute
Whoever, with intent to defraud, passes, utters, publishes, or sells, or attempts to pass, utter, publish, or sell, or with like intent brings into the United States or keeps in possession or conceals any falsely made, forged, counterfeited, or altered obligation or other security of the United States, shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than 20 years, or both.
18 USC § 473. Dealing in counterfeit obligations or securities
United States Code: Title 18,473. Dealing in counterfeit obligations or securities | LII / Legal Information Institute
Whoever buys, sells, exchanges, transfers, receives, or delivers any false, forged, counterfeited, or altered obligation or other security of the United States, with the intent that the same be passed, published, or used as true and genuine, shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than 20 years, or both.
18 USC § 493. Bonds and obligations of certain lending agencies
United States Code: Title 18,493. Bonds and obligations of certain lending agencies | LII / Legal Information Institute
Whoever falsely makes, forges, counterfeits or alters any note, bond, debenture, coupon, obligation, instrument, or writing in imitation or purporting to be in imitation of, a note, bond, debenture, coupon, obligation, instrument or writing, issued by the Reconstruction Finance Corporation, Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, National Credit Union Administration, Home OwnersÂ’ Loan Corporation, Farm Credit Administration, Department of Housing and Urban Development, or any land bank, intermediate credit bank, insured credit union, bank for cooperatives or any lending, mortgage, insurance, credit or savings and loan corporation or association authorized or acting under the laws of the United States, shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than 10 years, or both.
Whoever passes, utters, or publishes, or attempts to pass, utter or publish any note, bond, debenture, coupon, obligation, instrument or document knowing the same to have been falsely made, forged, counterfeited or altered, contrary to the provisions of this section, shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than 10 years, or both.
18 USC § 513. Securities of the States and private entities
United States Code: Title 18,513. Securities of the States and private entities | LII / Legal Information Institute
(a) Whoever makes, utters or possesses a counterfeited security of a State or a political subdivision thereof or of an organization, or whoever makes, utters or possesses a forged security of a State or political subdivision thereof or of an organization, with intent to deceive another person, organization, or government shall be fined under this title [1] or imprisoned for not more than ten years, or both.
(b) Whoever makes, receives, possesses, sells or otherwise transfers an implement designed for or particularly suited for making a counterfeit or forged security with the intent that it be so used shall be punished by a fine under this title or by imprisonment for not more than ten years, or both.
(c) For purposes of this section—
(1) the term “counterfeited” means a document that purports to be genuine but is not, because it has been falsely made or manufactured in its entirety;
(2) the term “forged” means a document that purports to be genuine but is not because it has been falsely altered, com*pleted, signed, or endorsed, or contains a false addition thereto or insertion therein, or is a combination of parts of two or more genuine documents;
(3) the term “security” means—
(A) a note, stock certificate, treasury stock certificate, bond, treasury bond, debenture, certificate of deposit, interest coupon, bill, check, draft, warrant, debit instrument as defined in section 916(c) of the Electronic Fund Transfer Act, money order, travelerÂ’s check, letter of credit, warehouse receipt, negotiable bill of lading, evidence of indebtedness, certificate of interest in or participation in any profit-sharing agreement, collateral-trust certificate, pre-reorganization certificate of subscription, transferable share, investment contract, voting trust certificate, or certificate of interest in tangible or intangible property;
(B) an instrument evidencing ownership of goods, wares, or merchandise;
(C) any other written instrument commonly known as a security;
(D) a certificate of interest in, certificate of participation in, certificate for, receipt for, or warrant or option or other right to subscribe to or purchase, any of the foregoing; or
(E) a blank form of any of the foregoing;
(4) the term “organization” means a legal entity, other than a government, established or organized for any purpose, and includes a corporation, company, association, firm, partnership, joint stock company, foundation, institution, society, union, or any other association of persons which operates in or the activities of which affect interstate or foreign commerce; and
(5) the term “State” includes a State of the United States, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, Guam, the Virgin Islands, and any other territory or possession of the United States.
31 CFR § 411.1 The Counterfeit Detection Act of 1992, Public Law 102-550, in Section 411 of Title 31 of the Code of Federal Regulations, permits color illustrations of U.S. currency, provided:
Electronic Code of Federal Regulations:
- The illustration is of a size less than three-fourths or more than one and one-half, in linear dimension, of each part of the item illustrated;
- The illustration is one-sided
All negatives, plates, positives, digitized storage medium, graphic files, magnetic medium, optical storage devices, and any other thing used in the making of the illustration that contain an image of the illustration or any part thereof are destroyed and/or deleted or erased after their final use.
Other obligations and Securities
- Photographic or other likenesses of other United States obligations and securities and foreign currencies are permissible for any non-fraudulent purpose, provided the items are reproduced in black and white and are less than three-quarters or greater than one-and-one-half times the size, in linear dimension, of any part of the original item being reproduced. Negatives and plates used in making the likenesses must be destroyed after their use for the purpose for which they were made.
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