Most of the universe is either dark energy or dark matter. The reason this energy might in some sense be God is based on the Biblical teaching that God is invisible yet holds everything together.

God can be measured?
Well God is all of it. Dark energy, Dark matter, apparent energy and apparent matter. God is nature, which we have the means to understand and God is nature beyond our means to understand.
If we were capable of fully understanding God, we would be God or something close.
When I think of God, I am reminded of an experience I had decades ago, which literally killed me.
I would love to explain it to you, but with the exception of those things that are translatable, there's truly no means to convey to another, what happened, as it defies pretty much everything we 'know', from our common experiences.
Suffice it to say that this 'existence' is something which is happening simultaneously with something else. "Death" is much akin to 'walking from one room into another'. You just go, with the full understanding that you were here, but you're going 'there'. There's no remorse in leaving, it's wholly without emotion, pure reason. There are no regrets, no sadness, no anxiety. No since of loss. At that time, I was 'given' a choice. But it wasn't actually a choice, very hard to explain, but for the sake of the explanation: I 'chose' to stay because I 'knew' that I still had serious responsibilities here and that others seriously depended upon me and that my leaving would leave them in a bad place.
I expect that had my body been decimated, that I would have just gone on, knowing that I had no means to stay and that would have been that.
But the processes were amazing. Impossible to describe, really, but 'time' as we casually think of it, shifts.
I'll use the phrases 'Speed up' and 'slow down', which aren't precisely accurate, 'phase and sync' are probably closer, but whatever gets the idea across will do, to an extent. It's a perception thing.
I guess the best way to describe it would be to consider, if a mountain could reason, it would likely have a perspective much different from our own. We use values like second, minute hour year, century and so on... imagine if you had no perspective of day.
But Imagine what 'the world' would look like, if what is a year to us, went by, perceptively, as a fraction of a second.
The movement of humanity would be imperceptible. "Night" and "Day" would average to a glow. Rain and drought, heat and cold would average to a flat consistent states and, so on.
Now imagine the inverse, a fraction of our second, let's call it a thousandth of a second, passed in our year? The planet, our environment would appear FROZEN to us. A century would, two decades beyond the average human life, would be come and gone in a hundredth of a second. But what we perceived as frozen, unmoving fixed features, were in fact, moving just as you and I would normally see them. Nothing changed but the perception of time.
It all happens in the same 'time'. All that differs is how it is perceived as 'real', by us, with our gear. If you could control your means to exist within differing phases of time, you could turn to stone, or become apparently invisible, literally being in MANY different places, occupying the same space, with anything, at the same 'time'. Apparently defying the laws of physics. Being, 'apparently', SUPER-NATURAL. Despite your being perfectly natural, just capable of shifting the phase of time. It's mighty interesting stuff to think about.
Now... I know, what little I know of this, as a 'fact', because I experienced it. (Please spare me the 'brains use of hormonal discharges at death and all that crap, which I am sure occurs, but just because we are aware of a given process, does not mean that we understand everything about it.)
But I imagine that dark energy and matter are forces in play which are on the edge of our means to perceive. We may discover its composition tomorrow, which would be great. But we may never fully understand the forces and properties that such possesses and the role they play or the purpose of such in the grand scheme of things, because our minds are only designed to get us through this 'verse'... this reality, this environment. It's a wonderful tool, but at the end of the day it is only considering information which is set against a very narrow scope of parameters.
Now, without being able to define every facet of the understanding, I believe that 'life' is multifaceted.
That 'where' we are, is simply a point in an infinite series of reflections. What we look out and 'see' in the night sky is the atomic scale of another fractal 'verse' and that we can only 'see' to a given extent, imagine to another, but somewhere beyond infinity there is another and another and another ... . What's more, I believe that it turns inward in precisely the same way. That 'inside' us, stands someone looking out at their night sky, seeing the 'stars' and galaxies of our atomic substructure, and 'within' them, are others who look out and see the atomic structure of the former entities 'verse'. With time expanding outwardly and contracting inwardly.
The terms 'outward' and 'inward', 'expansion' and 'contraction' being poorly suited for the explanation, but as close as I am able to get. (If someone has a better way to explain it, I'd love to hear it, as I have hammered on this stuff for a long time and anything that could help get the point across would be great.)
With regard to whether '
God can be measured', one would need to at least have some means to understand the composition of God to do so and, clearly we do not and likely will never get sufficiently close to even know what questions might be asked to begin experiments which might some day, lead to an understanding of such.
At the end of the day, I doubt any of it matters a wit. As we have other purposes for being here and our understanding why we're here and what makes it work, not being relevant to any of it, what so ever.
Anywho, that's my two cents. I've enjoyed the thread very much and am looking forward to reading more as the discussion unfolds.