Said the literarily, hermeneutically, historically and theologically ignorant one who won't face the fundamental scientific, philosophical and theological problems of evolutionary theory.
..Embarrassingly, in the 21st century, in the most scientifically advanced nation the world has ever known, creationists can still persuade politicians, judges and ordinary citizens that evolution is a flawed, poorly supported fantasy...
15 Answers to Creationist Nonsense - Scientific American
Uh huh. As if in a free society politicians or judges had any legitimate business being involved in such disputes in the first place, as if the state had any legitimate authority to impose the metaphysics of evolutionary theory in violation of the imperatives of natural and constitutional law in a closed system of education in the first place, as if a collectivistic, one-size-fits-all system of education were constitutional. It wouldn't be such an issue if busybodies like you didn't insist on exclusively imposing your religion on everybody in the first place.
Moving on. . . .
15 Answer to Evolutionist Claptrap
This is precisely the sort of games that evolutionists play as they unwittingly expose their ignorance about the nature of the core assertions of creationism and ID. The laymen conformists of atheism and popular culture believe Darwinism (which, historically speaking, took the field virtually overnight, decades before its adherents ever began to assert anything like the evidentiary demonstrations required by the hard sciences of physics, for example, let alone the additional mathematical and rational proofs required by the same) simply because the majority of biological scientists say so. The laymen conformists of atheism and popular culture appeal to a vested authority, and close their minds to the alternative evidentiary, metaphysical, mathematical and rational challenges.
I, however, am an expert on evolutionary theory and abiogenesis, and have lived on both sides of the debate.
Answers #1, #4, #5 and #6 are straw men, counterarguments asserted against of the ignorance or confusion of some that learned creationists or ID scientists do not raise against evolutionary theory at all. These counterarguments pertain to the misapprehensions of theistic laymen; hence, we need not waste any time on these irrelevancies.
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2. Natural selection is based on circular reasoning: the fittest are those who survive, and those who survive are deemed fittest.
Actually, the criticism of learned skeptics rightly observes that
what survives, survives is a tautological anecdote that tells us absolutely nothing about life that we don't already know. The learned skeptic doesn't bother with the qualifier
survival of the fittest as the broader implications of evolutionary theory are, in truth, irrelevant to the mathematical calculi of allele frequencies relative to baseline traits at the micro level, and the various mechanisms of evolutionary theory—mutation, natural selection, genetic drift and gene flow—cannot be directly tested or observed, let alone reliably predicted, in terms of macroevolutionary speciation, in spite of the claim that the processes of microevolution and macroevolution are identical in the theoretical time scales of a supposed common ancestry.
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3. Evolution is unscientific, because it is not testable or falsifiable. It makes claims about events that were not observed and can never be re-created.
And this is true because the notion of macroevolutionary speciation is ultimately predicated on the presupposition of the unfalsifiable apriority of metaphysical/ontological naturalism as opposed to the plausible potentialities of a speciation predicated on the presupposition of a mechanistic naturalism relative to the genetic and fossil evidence.
But evolutionists never directly address the actual essence of the skeptic's challenge in this regard as that would open the door to the real problem and reveal precisely why creationism/ID have an equally valid claim on the evidence. Instead, they prattle nonsense like the following from the article:
This blanket dismissal of evolution ignores important distinctions that divide the field into at least two broad areas: microevolution and macroevolution. Microevolution looks at changes within species over time—changes that may be preludes to speciation, the origin of new species.
False. Learned creationists and ID scientists make no such "blanket dismissal" on that basis whatsoever, as the author goes on to contradictorily acknowledge, albeit, in such a way as to suggest that evolutionists informed
us or as if skeptics have ever seriously resisted the obvious exigencies of genetically driven morphological variations within species relative to changing environmental conditions. On the contrary, the efficacy of morphological variations within species have been observed by naturalist philosophers for centuries, long before Darwin came along. In fact, it was due to the observation of these kinds of variations that prescientific naturalists, like Aristotle, for example, proposed the now falsified notion of spontaneous generation.
These days even most creationists ["even most creationists" - LOL!] acknowledge that microevolution has been upheld by tests in the laboratory (as in studies of cells, plants and fruit flies) and in the field (as in Grant's studies of evolving beak shapes among Galapagos finches). Natural selection and other mechanisms--such as chromosomal changes, symbiosis and hybridization--can drive profound changes in populations over time.
And, as acknowledge by the author of this article himself, what does it all come down to:
The historical nature of macroevolutionary study involves inference from fossils and DNA rather than direct observation.
Yep. Macroevolution as well as the post-historical "predictions" presupposed in the theory's premise are ultimately predicated on the presupposition of the unfalsifiable apriority of metaphysical/ontological naturalism of a common ancestry.
From my blog:
The evolutionist assumes that the paleontological record necessarily entails an unbroken chain of natural cause-and-effect speciation. There's nothing necessary about it. And given the complexity of life and the fact that the paleontological record overwhelming reflects, not a gradual appearance of an ever-increasingly more abundant and varied collection of species, but a series of abrupt appearances and extinctions of fully formed biological systems, it's not unreasonable to argue that we are looking at a series of discrete, creative events orchestrated by an intelligent being.
. . . The arrows that evolutionists scratch on charts between illustrations of species that are alleged to be directly related are not found in the paleontological record. They're the gratuitous additions of a theoretical model. To characterize my interpretation of the evidence as an "error" begs the question and mistakes the arrows for something they're not, i.e., the artifacts of observable empirical phenomena.
. . . Pointing to a small handful of groupings of allegedly related lineages consisting of an equally small handful of intermediate forms, which is the best that evolutionists have ever been able to come up with out of millions of fossils, does not impress me. . . . The number of necessarily overlapping and simultaneous changes required, for example, in the enterprise of transforming a land animal to a sea animal, or vice versa, are immense. Just how many transitional forms are we talking about here? Such a splash didn't take place in one dive. It involved every system—skeletal, respiratory, digestive, reproductive, circulatory, integumentary, lymphatic . . . the transitional migration of a snout into a blowhole on the top of the head!
Are we talking about thousands of transitional forms? Tens of thousands? Hundreds of thousands? Multiply that by millions of species. The evidence for intermediate forms in the fossil record should be overwhelming! —M. D. Rawlings
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7. Evolution cannot explain how life first appeared on earth.
Followed by this absurd claim:
The origin of life remains very much a mystery, but biochemists have learned about how primitive nucleic acids, amino acids and other building blocks of life could have formed and organized themselves into self-replicating, self-sustaining units, laying the foundation for cellular biochemistry. Astrochemical analyses hint that quantities of these compounds might have originated in space and fallen to earth in comets, a scenario that may solve the problem of how those constituents arose under the conditions that prevailed when our planet was young.
Biochemists, as the leading lights of abiogenetic research know, have learned no such things. It's not even close. In fact, the more we learn, the more obvious it becomes that life could not have arisen via the processes of mere chemistry, and the origin of the prebiotic precursors doesn't resolve the real problems. This pseudoscientific crap permeates the Internet due to the gullibility of atheist know-nothings and the research-grant-fueled hype in academia, which irritated the likes of Miller, Shapiro, Orgel, Levy and others.
Here's a dose of reality from an expert on abiogenesis, namely, me:
http://michaeldavidrawlings1.blogspot.com/2011/03/abiogenesis-unholy-grail-of-atheism.html
Check?
8. Mathematically, it is inconceivable that anything as complex as a protein, let alone a living cell or a human, could spring up by chance.
What learned creationists and ID scientists actually challenge on the basis of mathematical improbability does not so much pertain to evolution proper as much as it pertains to abiogenesis. Hence, tossing in a fully formed living organism of any cellular size is misleading. Indeed,
#8 is straw man akin to
#1, #4, #5 and #6, really, but I'm going to address it because it mangles a number of important distinctions that will not be apparent to the average laymen.
We know from abiogenetic research that proteins, for example, let alone nucleic acids (or even nucleotides), do not and cannot spring up by mere chance or by mere chemistry alone for complex reasons discussed in my article in the above, so let's get back to evolution proper, eh?
Under
#8 the author writes:
Chance plays a part in evolution (for example, in the random mutations that can give rise to new traits), but evolution does not depend on chance to create organisms, proteins or other entities.
Insofar as the conventions of post-biotic evolution are concerned, learned creationists and ID scientists know this. The suggestion to the contrary is bogus.
The author continues:
Quite the opposite: natural selection, the principal known mechanism of evolution, harnesses nonrandom change by preserving "desirable" (adaptive) features and eliminating "undesirable" (nonadaptive) ones. As long as the forces of selection stay constant, natural selection can push evolution in one direction and produce sophisticated structures in surprisingly short times.
Again, learned creationists and ID scientists know this and agree insofar as microevolution is concerned, but when it comes to macroevolution, the creation of entirely new species, the inference of Darwinism's unfalsifible apriority, that which is not demonstrable or observable, we're talking about mathematical probabilities on an entirely different scale than the risible analogy provided by the author:
As an analogy, consider the 13-letter sequence "TOBEORNOTTOBE." Those hypothetical million monkeys, each pecking out one phrase a second, could take as long as 78,800 years to find it among the 2613 sequences of that length. But in the 1980s Richard Hardison of Glendale College wrote a computer program that generated phrases randomly while preserving the positions of individual letters that happened to be correctly placed (in effect, selecting for phrases more like Hamlet's). On average, the program re-created the phrase in just 336 iterations, less than 90 seconds. Even more amazing, it could reconstruct Shakespeare's entire play in just four and a half days.
Natural selection is mindless. It doesn't begin with a targeted outcome "in mind;" i.e., it doesn't anticipatorily preserve "correctly placed" information as if it were operating from some definitively preconceived blueprint. The computer was programmed with a target in mind, namely, the definitively preconceived blueprint in the mind of an intelligent being who instructed the computer what to look for and preserve. The mathematical realities of an open-ended matrix entailing a series of synchronously overlapping and virtually limitless factors are something else altogether. Mathematicians and engineers know the difference; apparently some evolutionary biologists don't.
But allow this mathematician do drive the point home from my blog:
[E]volutionists are playing a game of conceptual hide-and-seek when they claim that the classical construct of irreducible complexity in and of itself has been debunked. Refuting Behe's ill-considered application of it to biochemistry—a half-baked version that fails to anticipate the obvious possibility of degraded systems or their isolated components performing less efficient or alternate functions—is of no consequence.
(Incidentally, I wrote Behe about that possibility back in '96 after reading his book. . . .)
Properly rendered, irreducible complexity does not dispute the plausibility of diminished systems, it illustrates the implausibility of complex systems arising within open-ended matrixes. That has not been debunked by anyone. Behe should have paid more attention to the essential quality of Paley's formulation and the prerequisites of Kant's.
In other words, the classical model of irreducible complexity obtains to the rise of organization from chaos, not to any potential degradation of function. The former entails an uphill battle in the midst of a chaotic collection of precursors vying against conservation. It has to do with the problem of anticipatorily formulating the overarching function of an interdependent system of discretely oriented parts, each contributing to the sum of a whole, that could not have orchestrated its own composition from the ground up.
Further, and now comes the slight-of-hand that impresses no one but bleating sheep, evolutionists themselves do not refute Behe's straw man with the paper biochemistry of evolutionary theory. The theoretical mechanism of natural selection does not compose complex machines by systematically stripping them of their parts. Instead, it must build them or alter them without a blueprint and do so in a sea of competing precursors, once again, vying against conservation. It's not the other way around. Miller can illustrate the alternate functions of degraded mousetraps all he wants; that does not demonstrate that the mechanisms of evolutionary theory are the cause of the comprehensive functions of complex integrated systems.
. . . Debunked?
What kind of scientific term is that anyway? The matter cannot be resolved syllogistically or analogously. It's a matter of experimentation and falsification.
. . . In other words, ultimately, it's not even a matter of morphology. It's a matter of accumulating information, not only against a tidal wave of difficulties that rebuff conservation, but against the whims of a genetic material whose sequences are not arranged by any chemically preordained bonding affinity, but by extraneous forces. . . . —M. D. Rawlings
Check?
That's all I have time for today. More tomorrow.