Trakar
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- Feb 28, 2011
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http://www.reuters.com/article/2009/11/10/us-iea-climate-idUSTRE5A91U420091110
(Reuters) - The world will have to spend an extra $500 billion to cut carbon emissions for each year it delays implementing a major assault on global warming, the International Energy Agency said on Tuesday...
...Every year's delay beyond 2010 would add another $500 billion to the extra investment of $10,500 billion needed from 2010-2030 to curb carbon emissions, for example to improve energy efficiency and boost low-carbon renewable energy...
2020 emissions levels required to limit warming to below 2C
http://xa.yimg.com/kq/groups/18383638/586457376/name/nclimate1758.pdfNature Climate Change -
PUBLISHED ONLINE: 16 DECEMBER 2012 | DOI: 10.1038/NCLIMATE1758
...In addition, we find that both short- and long-term mitigation costs depend strongly on the emission reductions that have been achieved by 2020 (Table 2 and Supplementary Fig. S3). The more stringent the 2020 target, the higher the required mitigation costs and associated carbon prices by 2020 to achieve itbut the lower are the long-term mitigation costs (and also carbon prices in 2030) because less rapid reductions are required after 2020 to meet the 2 C target. Lowering 2020 emissions implies thus greater mitigation costs in the short term, but generally reduced costs in the longer term. However, there is a 2020 emission level at which longer-term costs (20202050) become minimal. Letting emissions rise until 2020 above the least-cost level (around 44 Gt CO2e yr��1 for the reference case) implies consistently and significantly higher costs (up to 30% by 2050, up to 50% by 2100; Table 2 and Supplementary Information S1) for staying below 2 C in the long term. The stringency of emissions abatement by 2020 thus critically determines carbon prices and abatement costs post-2020...