Protestant English gospel music, Scotch and Irish, i.e. celtic music and instruments evolved in several lines, including 'country', folk, black blues and gospel, etc. At one time New Orleans was a major musical instrument manufacturing city, especially of brass and woodwinds, and the 'big band' sounds evolved from marching bands like Souza's.
West African influences from refugees from French Caribbean islands like Haiti in the late 1700's and early 1800's were influence heavily by old folk music from Europe, and added their own spins to the European sounds and instrumentals.
Appalachia was another music innovation region, bluegrass, folk, gospel styles, etc. mostly Irish and Scotch there.
Dr. Ralph Stanley does some of the oldest known gospel/bluegrass songs from the 1840's or so, his
O Death probably being one of the oldest known.
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