Holocaust History

Janina Mehlberg, seen with her husband Henry Mehlberg, was a Jewish woman who posed as a Polish countess to intervene at Majdanek, the Nazi concentration camp in Lublin, Poland, during the Holocaust. (Courtesy: US Holocaust Memorial Museum/via JTA)
Janina Mehlberg, seen with her husband Henry Mehlberg, was a Jewish woman who posed as a Polish countess to intervene at Majdanek, the Nazi concentration camp in Lublin, Poland, during the Holocaust. (Courtesy: US Holocaust Memorial Museum/via JTA)


JTA — In December 1941, a petite, elegant woman left her home in Eastern Galicia, where she was known as the Jewish mathematician Janina Spinner Mehlberg.

Three days later, she arrived in Lublin — soon to be an epicenter of Nazi extermination in occupied Poland — with a new identity. She was now Countess Janina Suchodolska, a self-assured Polish aristocrat — and she would soon negotiate the release of thousands of prisoners from the Nazis and save thousands more through deliveries of food and medicine.

Beneath her masquerade as an aristocratic welfare official, Janina concealed that she was an officer in the underground Polish Home Army, where she in turn concealed that she was a Jew. This enigmatic character is the largely unknown heroine of “The Counterfeit Countess,” a new book by historians Elizabeth B. White and Joanna Sliwa.

Janina’s story was nearly lost to history, disclosed in an unpublished memoir that slipped through three pairs of hands before White and Sliwa embarked on corroborating it and researching their book.

After World War II, Janina and her husband Henry Mehlberg immigrated to the United States and settled in Chicago, where she taught mathematics at the Illinois Institute of Technology and he taught philosophy at the University of Chicago. She wrote her memoir shortly before her death in 1969.

Her husband translated the manuscript into English and tried unsuccessfully to publish it. Before his own death in 1979, he entrusted the package to Arthur Funk, a history professor at the University of Florida. Funk also sought in vain to interest publishers, and in 1989, gave the manuscript to White, who had a career investigating and prosecuting Nazi criminals with the US Department of Justice before serving as a historian at the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum.

“At that time, survivor memoirs and diaries were not frequently published,” Sliwa told the Jewish Telegraphic Agency. “The focus was on the perpetrators — on understanding how the Holocaust happened — and not on witnesses, because of questions about the reliability of survivor testimony.”

When White received the manuscript, she was a new mother busy at the DOJ, with neither the time nor the Polish language skills to conduct research in Poland. In 2007, Funk became the third custodian of Janina’s account to die without seeing it published.

White was haunted by a sense of responsibility and eventually connected with Sliwa, an expert on the Holocaust in Poland, forming the partnership that finally brought Janina’s story to the light of day.


(full article online)


 
I know that a lot of holocaust survivors were really offended by Hogan's Heroes, which poked fun at the event back in the 1960's. Many contended that the camps were nothing like the one that was portrayed and that Colonel Klink and Sergeant Schultz were really atypical of those that they met in the German camp system.

It was also not set in a Concentration Camp. It was set in a fictional "Luft-Stalag 13", a POW camp for allied Airmen. And the thing is, the vast majority of German POW camps were administered correctly along the rules of the Geneva Convention. As shown in the show, the Commander and Senior NCO were both not only WWI veterans, they were both actually war heroes from that war (Klink had received the Iron Cross two times, Schultz had one and was the wealthy owner of a toy company).

And even more ironic, all of the German military were played by Jewish actors. John Banner even served in the US Army during the war.

But one should never confuse a German Concentration Camp with a POW Camp. They were not even close to the same thing. Especially as the Concentration Camps were under the control of the SS, while the POW camps were under the control of the branch of service of the prisoners they held.

The show featured a "Stalag Luft", run by the Luftwaffe for Allied airmen and officers. The Kreigsmarine hosted "Marlags", for holding Allied sailors and merchant marines. The German Army had so many POWs that they were broken down into Oflags for the Officers, and Stalags for the enlisted.
 

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