Can you elaborate? Medicare hasn't used its version of the usual, customary and reasonable standard pioneered by Blue Cross/Blue Shield in the first half of the 20th century since it moved to a national administrative fee schedule for hospital services in the early '80s and a physician fee schedule in the early '90s. So your analogy comparing doctors/hospitals to Halliburton would've been apt about 30 years ago, not today. That's why the original Medicare billing structure was abandoned.
Per unit pricing of medical services under those fee schedules is generally lower than what private payers pay. Now if you're talking about something like deliberate fraud on the part of doctors (e.g. billing for services that weren't actually delivered), that's a different story--that doesn't reflect inflated per unit reimbursements or otherwise overpaying for a billed service.
