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Personal lifeI can't seem to find anything that says either way. I assumed from her focus on Christianity and her detailed knowledge, she's probably a Christian herself. I'll have to take your word for it.
Judaism is the parent of Christianity which developed from being a Jewish sect during the Roman Empire, so, it's no surprise that Biblical scholars are often Jewish. All the key figures in early Christianity, from Jesus Christ to Mary and Joseph to John the Baptist to the Apostle Paul to the authors of the Gospels, were Jewish.
I agree. So what you mean is since she's Christian, that makes her Jewish by default.
Responses to the Roman Destruction of Jerusalem...
The Roman destruction of Jerusalem sent shock waves through the Jewish population. The loss of life was devastating, but the destruction of Jerusalem and especially the Temple was even more devastating.
Several other effects were discernable in the period of the postwar reconstruction...
Roman coinage of the period carried the legend Judaea Capta [Judaea Captured], a clear statement of the Jewish subjugation
The province of Judaea was reorganized and even renamed Palestina [the Latin form of the old regional name Philistia]. The name change was another slap in the face to Jewish identity
From Jesus to Christianity: How Four Generations of Visionaries & Storytellers Created the New Testament and Christian Faith by L. Michael White
[ame=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uEuQ4hggc5A]Ancient Refuge in The Holy Land. NOVA 2004 3/6 - YouTube[/ame]The Roman response to the Jewish revolt against Rome was massive. Hadrian's wrath knew no bounds. He even sought to erase the Jewish {People from world memory, changing the name of their country from Judaea to Syria Palaestina.
[ame=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DLypbbijk2I&feature=relmfu]The Gifts of the Jews - YouTube[/ame]In 70 AD, after a siege marked by starvation and terror crucifixions, the Roman army broke through the walls of Jerusalem. Not only did they kill thousands of Jews, they laid waste to the Temple, the only place on Earth, according to Biblical law, where Jews could worship God.
It was the death of the religion of Priests and sacrifices described by the Hebrew Bible. But, it would not be the death of Judaism. In the years ahead, some of the greatest religious minds in history would struggle to reinvent the religion of Moses and David.
But, the Jews would be forced to work during a period of almost inconceivable bloodshed and turmoil. They would watch their people be expelled from Jerusalem on pain of death and see the name of their homeland changed from Judea to Palestine
In their political resistance to Rome, the Jews failed. After the revolt of Bar-Kokhba in 135 CE, the Romans decided once and for all to rid themselves of the Jews. They sent a large part of the Jewish population into captivity and exile.
Even the historic nomenclature of the Jews was to be obliterated. Jerusalem was renamed Aelia Capitolina and a temple to Jupiter built on the site of the destroyed Jewish Temple.
The names Judaea and Samaria were abolished and the country renamed Palestine after the long-forgotten Philistines.
After the first Jewish Revolt, 66 CE-70 CE, Hadrian declared his will to rebuild the famous and sacred city of Jerusalem around 130 CE. At that stage, the Jews, who could not bear the idea of a new Only after the suppression of the Jewish revolt, in 135 CE, was the city actually rebuilt.
As is well known, Hadrian accompanied the foundation of Aelia Capitolina [which replaced Jewish Jerusalem] by two symbolic anti-Jewish acts. The name of the Provincia Judaea was changed to Provincia Syria Palaestina and the Jews were expelled from the city. There is no reason to believe that Hadrian would have contemplated such symbolic acts were it not for the Bar Kokhba revolt.
The replacement of the famous historical name Jerusalem by Aelia Capitolina was a very severe and symbolic act, analogous to the changing of the name Judaea into Syria Palaestina, or in short, Palestine. In both cases the Imperial administration intentionally suppressed Jewish national feelings.
Antiquity - Jewish Studies : The Bar Kokhba War Reconsidered : Antiquity
The Jewish revolt [against the Romans] had many causes. Anti-Roman nationalistic unrest and militant messianic sentiments were key factors, as probably was the confiscation of Jewish land by the Roman government in the aftermath of the First Jewish Revolt.
In the aftermath of the revolt, the Roman government changed the name of the province from Judea to Syria Palaestina. Jerusalem was tranformed into the Roman city of Aelia Capitolina
Oxford University Press: The Oxford History of the Biblical World: Michael D. Coogan
Rome conquered Jerusalem in 70 A.D. ending the national independence gained during the Jewish War (66-70 A.D.). Despite being under Roman control, much of the land in Judea was still in Jewish hands; the Jews were neither exiled nor enslaved. Seventy years after the destruction of the temple in Jerusalem, the Jews in Judea began a war against the Roman Empire. The war lasted for three years from late summer A.D. 132 through late autumn A.D. 135. The war was led by Shimon ben (or Bar) Kosiba, who became known as Bar Kokhba or Son of the Star.
The emperor Hadrian found himself forced to deal with this serious Jewish threat to the Roman Empire. His Pax Romana was threatened by the Jewish War. Hadrian sent armies to Judea, but did not find victory against Bar Kokhbas guerillas. The turning point in the war came when Hadrian called in one of his best generals, Julius Severus, to fight exclusively on the Jewish front. Severus slowly closed in around Bar Kokhbaand without outside help from the Jewish Diaspora which Bar Kokhba was counting onwas able to defeat the Jewish revolt.
As punishment, the Jews were driven from Jerusalem and the gentiles moved in. The city was called Aelia Capitolina and was a pagan citybuilt on the ruins of Jerusalem. The province was renamed from Judea to Syria-Palaestina to further remove the Jews from their land. Practicing Judaism was outlawed and scholars who supported to rebellion were executed. Soon after the defeat of Bar Kokhba, Hadrian died and Antoninus Pius ascended the throne. Jews slowly regained their cultural and religious freedoms back
So if you are not able to point out as to whom invented Israel , maybe it was not invented , but always in existence eh ?Just one question: who invented Israel?
Arabs, of course!Just one question: who invented Israel?
Just one question: who invented Israel?
The countries forming the western arm of the Fertile Crescent were called by the names of the various kingdoms and peoples that ruled and inhabited them. Of these, the most familiar, or at least the best documented, are the southern lands, known in the earlier books of the Hebrew Bible and some other ancient writings as Canaan.
After the Israelite conquest and settlement, the area inhabited by them came to be described as "land of the children of Israel" or simply "land of Israel" After the breakup of the kingdom of David and Solomon in the tenth century BCE, the southern part, with Jerusalem as its capital, was called Judah, while the north was called Israel
PBS: Civilization and the JewsIt is by now commonplace that the civilizations of the Middle East are oldest known to human history. They go back thousands of years, much older than the civilizations of India and China, not to speak of other upstart places. It is also interesting, though now often forgotten, that the ancient civilizations of the Middle East were almost totally obliterated and forgotten by their own people as well as by others. Their monuments were defaced or destroyed, their languages forgotten, their scripts forgotten, their history forgotten and even their identities forgotten.
All that was known about them came from one single source, and that is Israel, the only component of the ancient Middle East to have retained their identity, their memory, their language and their books. For a very long time, up to comparatively modern times, with rare exceptions all that was known about the ancient Middle East--the Babylonians, the Egyptians and the rest--was what the Jewish tradiiton has preserved.
Amazon.com: Political Words and Ideas in Islam (9781558764248): Bernard Lewis: Books
The interaction of Jewish history and Western civilization successively assumed different forms. In the Biblical and Ancient periods, Israel was an integral part of the Near Eastern and classical world, which gave birth to Western civilization. It shared the traditions of ancient Mesopotamia and the rest of that world with regard to it’s own beginning; it benefited from the decline of Egypt and the other great Near Eastern empires to emerge as a nation in it’s own right; it asserted it’s claim to the divinely promised Land of Israel
http://www.pbs.org/wnet/heritage/about.html
As has been true throughout history, the location of Judea was pivotal in the story of its [Jewish] people. When Judea rose in revolt against the brilliant and ruthless Roman emperor Hadrian in 132-135 under the leadership of Simeon Bar Kokhba..., it made a horrific mistake.
Following Hadrian's murderous crushing of the Jewish rebellion...Hadrian deprived Judea even of its name. He researched the name of the ancestral enemies of the Jews, the Philistines, and renamed the entire country "Palestine," the Latin version of Philistia. Its vanquished and twice-destroyed capital Jerusalem he renamed "Aelia Capitolina," after the name of his family and of his patron god, Jupiter Capitolina.http://www.thirteen.org/edonline/teachingheritage/lessons/faculty/unit3/unit3-atlas.pdf
Sure if your into this kind of thing , believing that "God" strolls around the globe creating countries...Wasn't Israel created by god or some shit like that?
Sure if your into this kind of thing , believing that "God" strolls around the globe creating countries...Wasn't Israel created by god or some shit like that?
Sure if your into this kind of thing , believing that "God" strolls around the globe creating countries...Wasn't Israel created by god or some shit like that?
So Jews don't consider themselves god's chosen people?
Sure if your into this kind of thing , believing that "God" strolls around the globe creating countries...
So Jews don't consider themselves god's chosen people?
What Jews consider or not consider is irrelevant to your question.
You asked if God created Israel, what does it matter what Jews consider in that regard ?
Anyhow , about Jews considering themselves as a chosen people. It's only relevant to religious Jews and Judaism as a religion.
Don't people who believe in Islam or Christianity consider themselves worthy of god and heaven , while they consider other religions being blasphemy ?
