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In its modern beginnings, socialism was optimistic and well intentioned, without the overlay of its contemporary varieties that tend to bemoan prosperity, romanticize poverty, and promote a view that place individual rights are a secondary concern. This is to say that the earliest socialists sought the fullest possible flourishing of humanity, the common good.
Ahhhh La Boheme and Les Miserables. Children of the Revolution, one and all.
6. Marxism rested on the assumption that the condition of the working classes would grow ever worse under capitalism, that there would be but two classes: one small and rich, the other vast and increasingly impoverished, and revolution would be the anodyne that would result in the common good. But by the early 20th century, it was clear that this assumption was completely wrong!
I always submit too soon... so, EDIT.
Exactly. But that is because of two things. It denies the advances of technology in it's ability to improve the lives of people everywhere by making the ability to meet needs as well as luxuries easier to attain. Secondly it assumes all capitalists is without ethics, morals or desires to improve the lives of their fellow man. Capitalism is separate from morality and ethics, for it is an economic system.
This is why I can say I am an "Ethical Capitalist".
That being said, until we had gone through many years of improvement, experience taught Marx and other socialists that what they HAD experienced under the Robber Barons and caprice of old world Elitism (both nobility and new industrialist) this was nothing more than a continuation of the same systems borne out in Feudalist society.
"...experience taught Marx and other socialists that what they HAD experienced under the Robber Barons and caprice of old world Elitism (both nobility and new industrialist).."
There is a dearth of truth in this sentence.
Marx never had such an experience. He piggy-backed the childish utopianism that I explained in a previous post.
His doctrine is simply a reversal of 'thou shalt not covet..."
Let me add some more history:
1. As far back as 1890, English Marxist Eduard Bernstein began to observe the positive effects of capitalism on living standards, and that the reality was that the numbers of the rich were growing more rapidly than those of the poor, while the vast majority was falling into a category that socialism didnt anticipate, the middle class.
2. Becoming aware that the moral argument for socialism was wrong, and that capitalism actually benefitted society and served the common good, did Bernstein abandon his ideology? No, he did not. He merely changed his tactics. While still favoring the expropriation of capitalists, socialists now plod on through the use of political mechanisms rather than revolution.
3. So, it seems that, even when shown the error in ones thinking, it is difficult to abandon a lifelong ideology, especially if one has always felt that the alternative is tainted with evil. But to hold on to an entrenched dogma that is demonstrably false is to abandon all pretense of objectivity. Lacking in intellectual humility, these individuals cling to a faith, a false religion.
4. Most intellectuals today are aware of what communism, socialism, totalitarianism, or any central command-and-control doctrine has done in Russia, under Maos reign of terror, or Cuba or other grotesque examples. Yet great numbers of them will use every excuse to avoid attributing the problems to their economic systems. Even a superficial comparison of North and South Korea, East and West Germany before the Berlin Wall fell, Hong Kong and Mainland China before reforms, or Cuba and other countries in Latin America, demonstrate that free economies are superior at promoting the common good. And yet the mystification continues. Socialist true believers have the power to cloud their own minds.
5. Older socialists dreamed of a world in which all classes would share in the fruits of the world. Yet when a permutation of this emerges, it is resented if it represents capitalism. An institution beyond the imaginings of socialists of old: Wal-Mart. Within Wal-Mart we see a cornucopia of goods designed to improve human well-being, at prices that make them affordable for all. Millions of jobs are created, and prosperity is spread throughout areas where it was sorely needed. An entity owned by share-holders, people of mostly moderate incomes who have invested their savings, worker-capitalists.
Ibid.