Predictions

Well, we are not half way through the year yet, but they certainly seem to be on the mark.

Weather disasters likely to rise - UPI.com

BRUSSELS, Jan. 25 (UPI) -- Though 2010 was a record year in terms of the financial and human loss from natural disasters, trends suggest things could get worse, a Belgian report found.

The Center for Research on Epidemiology of Disasters, at that Universite catholique de Louvain in Brussels, found that the 373 natural disasters in 2010 killed more than 296,800 people and caused about $110 billion in damages.


GALLERY: A year after the Haiti quake

Margareta Wahlstrom, the U.N. special envoy for disasters, said it's critical for local governments to use climate information in urban planning.

Weather patterns El Nino and La Nina, which can trigger heavy rains and volatile weather conditions, are expected to linger for the next 25 years, the World Meteorological Organization predicts.

Wahlstrom said weather-related disasters are likely to rise because of complications tied to global climate change. A heat wave during the summer caused more than 50,000 fatalities in Russia and the January 2010 earthquake in Haiti killed more than 222,000



Read more: Weather disasters likely to rise - UPI.com




Any prognostication that begins with "could" "might" "may" etc. isn't truly a prediction. It is a con mans method of covering his bases. Popular with psychics too. A prediction says "this is going to happen when these conditions are met" not "could happen". Nice try but an epic fail as usual.
 
Speaking of PREDICTIONS, does anyone else find it spooky that on the day Italians fled Rome because an earthquake had been predicted centuries ago, that an earthquake struck Spain?
 
Speaking of PREDICTIONS, does anyone else find it spooky that on the day Italians fled Rome because an earthquake had been predicted centuries ago, that an earthquake struck Spain?


Hey boedicca............let me tell you something. Ive been working with a gal who has been telling me for 3 years that the beginning of the end would start on May 21st of THIS year!!! I asked her how, she said, "Worldwide catastrophic earthquakes along every fault line............."

Woke up yesterday and saw that headline and said to myself, "Fcukking YIKES!!!!":eek:
 
Speaking of PREDICTIONS, does anyone else find it spooky that on the day Italians fled Rome because an earthquake had been predicted centuries ago, that an earthquake struck Spain?




No. The quake that hit Spain wasn't particularly big and they get a lot of them in the south. The northern part of Spain is fairly quiet only getting a magnitude 6 quake every 200 years or so. Earthquakes are common as hell.
 
It's only common sense. You don't build homes and businesses in a flood plane. You don't build on major earth faults. You don't build in areas subject to mud slides. Looking at America, I don't think we have used much common sense developing many areas.
 
Speaking of PREDICTIONS, does anyone else find it spooky that on the day Italians fled Rome because an earthquake had been predicted centuries ago, that an earthquake struck Spain?




No. The quake that hit Spain wasn't particularly big and they get a lot of them in the south. The northern part of Spain is fairly quiet only getting a magnitude 6 quake every 200 years or so. Earthquakes are common as hell.


Not quite so West...........the frequency of larger magnitude quakes around the ring of fire is up significantly in the last year or so.......as compared to many years prior. Some woman I work with tracks this shit and she was showing me comparison #'s. It was a bit disconcerting.............
 
It's only common sense. You don't build homes and businesses in a flood plane. You don't build on major earth faults. You don't build in areas subject to mud slides. Looking at America, I don't think we have used much common sense developing many areas.


Yeah Flop..........its like the dumbasses who build these mega-million dollar homes right on the Atlantic ocean near me. When they get decimated, I laugh my ass off.
 
Many experts think that global warming and the melting of the glaciers and ice sheets could possibly be contributing to the increase in earthquake activity and that increased volcanic activity could also result.

Could global warming be causing recent earthquakes?

By William Marsden, Postmedia News
March 15, 2011
The Montreal Gazette
(excerpts)

Severe earthquakes in Haiti, Chile and now Japan have experts around the world asking whether the world's tectonic plates are becoming more active — and what could be causing it. Some scientists theorize that the sudden melting of glaciers due to man-made climate change is lightening the load on the Earth's surface, allowing its mantle to rebound upwards and causing plates to become unstuck. These scientists point to the historical increase in volcanic and earthquake activity that occurred about 12,000 years ago when the glaciers that covered most of Canada in an ice sheet several kilometres thick suddenly melted.

"There is certainly some literature that talks about the increased occurrence of volcanic eruptions and the removing of load from the crust by deglaciation," said Martin Sharp, a glaciologist at the University of Alberta. "It changes the stress load in the crust and maybe it opens up routes for lava to come to the surface. "It is conceivable that there would be some increase in earthquake activity during periods of rapid changes on the Earth's crust."

At the same time, the number and severity of earthquakes appear to have increased over the last thirty years in tandem with accelerating glacial melt. ...the recent increase in major earthquakes, which are defined as above 6 on the Richter magnitude scale. Japan's earthquake was a 9. Scientists have been tracking these powerful quakes for well over a century and it's unlikely that they have missed any during at least the last 60 years.

According to data from the U.S. Geological Survey
there were 1,085 major earthquakes in the 1980s. {in ten years}
This increased in the 1990s by about 50 per cent to 1,492 {in ten years}
and to 1,611 from 2000 to 2009. {in ten years}
Last year, and up to and including the Japanese quake, there were 247 major earthquakes. {in just a little over one year}

There has been also a noticeable increase in the sort of extreme quakes that hit Japan. In the 1980s, there were four mega-quakes, {in ten years}
six in the 1990s and {in ten years}
13 in the last decade. {in ten years}
So far this decade we have had two. {in just a little less than one and a half years}

© Copyright (c) The Montreal Gazette

(In accordance with Title 17 U.S.C. Section 107, this material is distributed without profit to those who have expressed a prior interest in receiving the included information for research and educational purposes.)
 
You sucked all of the lubricant out from under the tectonic plates and now they're galling up like a dry bearing on a tractor!!!.:eek:
Pretty soon she's gonna pop. :eek:
Or the brown dwarf will show up first.:eusa_shhh:

I need a dwink.:tongue:
 
Speaking of PREDICTIONS, does anyone else find it spooky that on the day Italians fled Rome because an earthquake had been predicted centuries ago, that an earthquake struck Spain?




No. The quake that hit Spain wasn't particularly big and they get a lot of them in the south. The northern part of Spain is fairly quiet only getting a magnitude 6 quake every 200 years or so. Earthquakes are common as hell.


Not quite so West...........the frequency of larger magnitude quakes around the ring of fire is up significantly in the last year or so.......as compared to many years prior. Some woman I work with tracks this shit and she was showing me comparison #'s. It was a bit disconcerting.............



Not true, my friend. In human terms yes the frequency is up, but in geologic terms, no, the frequency is normal.
 
Many experts think that global warming and the melting of the glaciers and ice sheets could possibly be contributing to the increase in earthquake activity and that increased volcanic activity could also result.

Could global warming be causing recent earthquakes?

By William Marsden, Postmedia News
March 15, 2011
The Montreal Gazette
(excerpts)

Severe earthquakes in Haiti, Chile and now Japan have experts around the world asking whether the world's tectonic plates are becoming more active — and what could be causing it. Some scientists theorize that the sudden melting of glaciers due to man-made climate change is lightening the load on the Earth's surface, allowing its mantle to rebound upwards and causing plates to become unstuck. These scientists point to the historical increase in volcanic and earthquake activity that occurred about 12,000 years ago when the glaciers that covered most of Canada in an ice sheet several kilometres thick suddenly melted.

"There is certainly some literature that talks about the increased occurrence of volcanic eruptions and the removing of load from the crust by deglaciation," said Martin Sharp, a glaciologist at the University of Alberta. "It changes the stress load in the crust and maybe it opens up routes for lava to come to the surface. "It is conceivable that there would be some increase in earthquake activity during periods of rapid changes on the Earth's crust."

At the same time, the number and severity of earthquakes appear to have increased over the last thirty years in tandem with accelerating glacial melt. ...the recent increase in major earthquakes, which are defined as above 6 on the Richter magnitude scale. Japan's earthquake was a 9. Scientists have been tracking these powerful quakes for well over a century and it's unlikely that they have missed any during at least the last 60 years.

According to data from the U.S. Geological Survey
there were 1,085 major earthquakes in the 1980s. {in ten years}
This increased in the 1990s by about 50 per cent to 1,492 {in ten years}
and to 1,611 from 2000 to 2009. {in ten years}
Last year, and up to and including the Japanese quake, there were 247 major earthquakes. {in just a little over one year}

There has been also a noticeable increase in the sort of extreme quakes that hit Japan. In the 1980s, there were four mega-quakes, {in ten years}
six in the 1990s and {in ten years}
13 in the last decade. {in ten years}
So far this decade we have had two. {in just a little less than one and a half years}

© Copyright (c) The Montreal Gazette

(In accordance with Title 17 U.S.C. Section 107, this material is distributed without profit to those who have expressed a prior interest in receiving the included information for research and educational purposes.)




Completely, and utterly ridiculous. Earthquakes happen at depths far below what any surface warming could effect. Temperatures of the crust range from 200C to 400C and the temperature of the mantle range from 500C to 900C. It takes a million years for molten rock to cool one degree at depth. The claims are completely stupid and anyone with even a passing knowledge of geology realises this.

Isostatic rebound has been going on since the continental ice sheets melted and the area of the Great Lakes and Greenland has been rising at the rate of one inch per year for the last 10,000 years.

These claims are as ignorant, or more likely disingenuous, as those claiming ocean acidification.
 
Last edited:
Many experts think that global warming and the melting of the glaciers and ice sheets could possibly be contributing to the increase in earthquake activity and that increased volcanic activity could also result.

Could global warming be causing recent earthquakes?

By William Marsden, Postmedia News
March 15, 2011
The Montreal Gazette
(excerpts)

Severe earthquakes in Haiti, Chile and now Japan have experts around the world asking whether the world's tectonic plates are becoming more active — and what could be causing it. Some scientists theorize that the sudden melting of glaciers due to man-made climate change is lightening the load on the Earth's surface, allowing its mantle to rebound upwards and causing plates to become unstuck. These scientists point to the historical increase in volcanic and earthquake activity that occurred about 12,000 years ago when the glaciers that covered most of Canada in an ice sheet several kilometres thick suddenly melted.

"There is certainly some literature that talks about the increased occurrence of volcanic eruptions and the removing of load from the crust by deglaciation," said Martin Sharp, a glaciologist at the University of Alberta. "It changes the stress load in the crust and maybe it opens up routes for lava to come to the surface. "It is conceivable that there would be some increase in earthquake activity during periods of rapid changes on the Earth's crust."

At the same time, the number and severity of earthquakes appear to have increased over the last thirty years in tandem with accelerating glacial melt. ...the recent increase in major earthquakes, which are defined as above 6 on the Richter magnitude scale. Japan's earthquake was a 9. Scientists have been tracking these powerful quakes for well over a century and it's unlikely that they have missed any during at least the last 60 years.

According to data from the U.S. Geological Survey
there were 1,085 major earthquakes in the 1980s. {in ten years}
This increased in the 1990s by about 50 per cent to 1,492 {in ten years}
and to 1,611 from 2000 to 2009. {in ten years}
Last year, and up to and including the Japanese quake, there were 247 major earthquakes. {in just a little over one year}

There has been also a noticeable increase in the sort of extreme quakes that hit Japan. In the 1980s, there were four mega-quakes, {in ten years}
six in the 1990s and {in ten years}
13 in the last decade. {in ten years}
So far this decade we have had two. {in just a little less than one and a half years}

© Copyright (c) The Montreal Gazette

(In accordance with Title 17 U.S.C. Section 107, this material is distributed without profit to those who have expressed a prior interest in receiving the included information for research and educational purposes.)

Completely, and utterly ridiculous. Earthquakes happen at depths far below what any surface warming could effect. Temperatures of the crust range from 200C to 400C and the temperature of the mantle range from 500C to 900C. It takes a million years for molten rock to cool one degree at depth. The claims are completely stupid and anyone with even a passing knowledge of geology realises this.

Isostatic rebound has been going on since the continental ice sheets melted and the area of the Great Lakes and Greenland has been rising at the rate of one inch per year for the last 10,000 years.

These claims are as ignorant, or more likely disingenuous, as those claiming ocean acidification.

A lot of stuff in the real world must seem "completely, and utterly ridiculous" to someone as misinformed, ignorant, unimaginative and confused as you are, walleyed. The only claims that are "ignorant, or more likely disingenuous" are yours. Greenland has not been rising an inch per year for ten thousand years (830 feet???). The ice sheets on Greenland have stayed pretty constant for that time and the land has only recently started to rebound as the ice sheet melts and the glacier flow into the sea increases.

Greenland Rising Rapidly as Ice Melts
Date: 18 May 2010


Global Warming Might Spur Earthquakes and Volcanoes
Aug 30, 2007

Fire and Ice: Melting Glaciers Trigger Earthquakes, Tsunamis and Volcanos
Geologists Say Global Warming Expected to Cause Many New Seismic Events



Oh, and BTW...

Ocean Acidification: The Other Carbon Dioxide Problem
NOAA
 
Last edited:
Many experts think that global warming and the melting of the glaciers and ice sheets could possibly be contributing to the increase in earthquake activity and that increased volcanic activity could also result.

Could global warming be causing recent earthquakes?

By William Marsden, Postmedia News
March 15, 2011
The Montreal Gazette
(excerpts)

Severe earthquakes in Haiti, Chile and now Japan have experts around the world asking whether the world's tectonic plates are becoming more active — and what could be causing it. Some scientists theorize that the sudden melting of glaciers due to man-made climate change is lightening the load on the Earth's surface, allowing its mantle to rebound upwards and causing plates to become unstuck. These scientists point to the historical increase in volcanic and earthquake activity that occurred about 12,000 years ago when the glaciers that covered most of Canada in an ice sheet several kilometres thick suddenly melted.

"There is certainly some literature that talks about the increased occurrence of volcanic eruptions and the removing of load from the crust by deglaciation," said Martin Sharp, a glaciologist at the University of Alberta. "It changes the stress load in the crust and maybe it opens up routes for lava to come to the surface. "It is conceivable that there would be some increase in earthquake activity during periods of rapid changes on the Earth's crust."

At the same time, the number and severity of earthquakes appear to have increased over the last thirty years in tandem with accelerating glacial melt. ...the recent increase in major earthquakes, which are defined as above 6 on the Richter magnitude scale. Japan's earthquake was a 9. Scientists have been tracking these powerful quakes for well over a century and it's unlikely that they have missed any during at least the last 60 years.

According to data from the U.S. Geological Survey
there were 1,085 major earthquakes in the 1980s. {in ten years}
This increased in the 1990s by about 50 per cent to 1,492 {in ten years}
and to 1,611 from 2000 to 2009. {in ten years}
Last year, and up to and including the Japanese quake, there were 247 major earthquakes. {in just a little over one year}

There has been also a noticeable increase in the sort of extreme quakes that hit Japan. In the 1980s, there were four mega-quakes, {in ten years}
six in the 1990s and {in ten years}
13 in the last decade. {in ten years}
So far this decade we have had two. {in just a little less than one and a half years}

© Copyright (c) The Montreal Gazette

(In accordance with Title 17 U.S.C. Section 107, this material is distributed without profit to those who have expressed a prior interest in receiving the included information for research and educational purposes.)

Completely, and utterly ridiculous. Earthquakes happen at depths far below what any surface warming could effect. Temperatures of the crust range from 200C to 400C and the temperature of the mantle range from 500C to 900C. It takes a million years for molten rock to cool one degree at depth. The claims are completely stupid and anyone with even a passing knowledge of geology realises this.

Isostatic rebound has been going on since the continental ice sheets melted and the area of the Great Lakes and Greenland has been rising at the rate of one inch per year for the last 10,000 years.

These claims are as ignorant, or more likely disingenuous, as those claiming ocean acidification.

A lot of stuff in the real world must seem "completely, and utterly ridiculous" to someone as misinformed, ignorant, unimaginative and confused as you are, walleyed. The only claims that are "ignorant, or more likely disingenuous" are yours. Greenland has not been rising an inch per year for ten thousand years (830 feet???). The ice sheets on Greenland have stayed pretty constant for that time and the land has only recently started to rebound as the ice sheet melts and the glacier flow into the sea increases.

Greenland Rising Rapidly as Ice Melts
Date: 18 May 2010


Global Warming Might Spur Earthquakes and Volcanoes
Aug 30, 2007

Fire and Ice: Melting Glaciers Trigger Earthquakes, Tsunamis and Volcanos
Geologists Say Global Warming Expected to Cause Many New Seismic Events



Oh, and BTW...

Ocean Acidification: The Other Carbon Dioxide Problem
NOAA




CON2593-22.jpg
 
feature-megaphone-2.png



Thats why I love this forum................you never know WHAT you're going to read!!!!!


Anything is possible with the thought process disorder folks. One am, we'll wake up her and see Rolling Thunder blaming global warming for the increase in bubble butts!!!!





huge_mofo_ass-2.jpg
 
skooks is more interested in the political/practical side. and the tide is turning now that CAGW predictions are proving to be false time after time. people dont like being fooled.

and his posts are entertaining too. I wonder if the carpet matches the drapes?
 
skooks is more interested in the political/practical side. and the tide is turning now that CAGW predictions are proving to be false time after time.

The kookster's arguments are all politically based and ignore the actual science and the evidence.

The climate model predictions are proving to be correct time after time, no matter what your denier cult myths tell you.

In 1988, James Hansen of NASA GISS predicted [PDF] that temperature would climb over the next 12 years, with a possible brief episode of cooling in the event of a large volcanic eruption. Twelve years later, he was proven remarkably correct, requiring adjustment only for the timing difference between the simulated future volcanic eruption and the actual eruption of Mount Pinatubo.

Models predict that surface warming should be accompanied by cooling of the stratosphere, and this has indeed been observed

Models have long predicted warming of the lower, mid, and upper troposphere, even while satellite readings seemed to disagree -- but it turns out the satellite analysis was full of errors and on correction, this warming has been observed

Models predict warming of ocean surface waters, as is now observed

Models predict an energy imbalance between incoming sunlight and outgoing infrared radiation, which has been detected

Models predict sharp and short-lived cooling of a few tenths of a degree in the event of large volcanic eruptions, and Mount Pinatubo confirmed this.

Models predict an amplification of warming trends in the Arctic region, and this is indeed happening

Models predict continuing and accelerating warming of the surface, and so far they are correct.



people dont like being fooled.

Most intelligent people don't like being fooled but you denier cultists seem to love it. You just eat up the lies and misinformation that the fossil fuel industry is feeding you because it better suits your political narrative.
 
Many experts think that global warming and the melting of the glaciers and ice sheets could possibly be contributing to the increase in earthquake activity and that increased volcanic activity could also result.

Could global warming be causing recent earthquakes?

By William Marsden, Postmedia News
March 15, 2011
The Montreal Gazette
(excerpts)

Severe earthquakes in Haiti, Chile and now Japan have experts around the world asking whether the world's tectonic plates are becoming more active — and what could be causing it. Some scientists theorize that the sudden melting of glaciers due to man-made climate change is lightening the load on the Earth's surface, allowing its mantle to rebound upwards and causing plates to become unstuck. These scientists point to the historical increase in volcanic and earthquake activity that occurred about 12,000 years ago when the glaciers that covered most of Canada in an ice sheet several kilometres thick suddenly melted.

"There is certainly some literature that talks about the increased occurrence of volcanic eruptions and the removing of load from the crust by deglaciation," said Martin Sharp, a glaciologist at the University of Alberta. "It changes the stress load in the crust and maybe it opens up routes for lava to come to the surface. "It is conceivable that there would be some increase in earthquake activity during periods of rapid changes on the Earth's crust."

At the same time, the number and severity of earthquakes appear to have increased over the last thirty years in tandem with accelerating glacial melt. ...the recent increase in major earthquakes, which are defined as above 6 on the Richter magnitude scale. Japan's earthquake was a 9. Scientists have been tracking these powerful quakes for well over a century and it's unlikely that they have missed any during at least the last 60 years.

According to data from the U.S. Geological Survey
there were 1,085 major earthquakes in the 1980s. {in ten years}
This increased in the 1990s by about 50 per cent to 1,492 {in ten years}
and to 1,611 from 2000 to 2009. {in ten years}
Last year, and up to and including the Japanese quake, there were 247 major earthquakes. {in just a little over one year}

There has been also a noticeable increase in the sort of extreme quakes that hit Japan. In the 1980s, there were four mega-quakes, {in ten years}
six in the 1990s and {in ten years}
13 in the last decade. {in ten years}
So far this decade we have had two. {in just a little less than one and a half years}

© Copyright (c) The Montreal Gazette

(In accordance with Title 17 U.S.C. Section 107, this material is distributed without profit to those who have expressed a prior interest in receiving the included information for research and educational purposes.)

Completely, and utterly ridiculous. Earthquakes happen at depths far below what any surface warming could effect. Temperatures of the crust range from 200C to 400C and the temperature of the mantle range from 500C to 900C. It takes a million years for molten rock to cool one degree at depth. The claims are completely stupid and anyone with even a passing knowledge of geology realises this.

Isostatic rebound has been going on since the continental ice sheets melted and the area of the Great Lakes and Greenland has been rising at the rate of one inch per year for the last 10,000 years.

These claims are as ignorant, or more likely disingenuous, as those claiming ocean acidification.

A lot of stuff in the real world must seem "completely, and utterly ridiculous" to someone as misinformed, ignorant, unimaginative and confused as you are, walleyed. The only claims that are "ignorant, or more likely disingenuous" are yours. Greenland has not been rising an inch per year for ten thousand years (830 feet???). The ice sheets on Greenland have stayed pretty constant for that time and the land has only recently started to rebound as the ice sheet melts and the glacier flow into the sea increases.

Greenland Rising Rapidly as Ice Melts
Date: 18 May 2010


Global Warming Might Spur Earthquakes and Volcanoes
Aug 30, 2007

Fire and Ice: Melting Glaciers Trigger Earthquakes, Tsunamis and Volcanos
Geologists Say Global Warming Expected to Cause Many New Seismic Events



Oh, and BTW...

Ocean Acidification: The Other Carbon Dioxide Problem
NOAA





In order of stupidness.


Isostatic rebound has been occuring for the last 11,000 years. It's nothing new and it is certainly not due to man caused global warming, unless you are making the claim that SUV's were polluting the Earth way back then.

Any jackass (and that is what I classify anyone who makes this particular assertion) can claim global warming is causing earthquakes. He's going to have a bloody hard time providing a shred of empirical data to substantiate that claim. Oh yeah see that really important word there? You see it? "Might" is the word.....that relegates that whole pice down to the level of a psychic. FAIL!

Ocean acidification is the latest hot button non issue. The global pH average is 8.1 If we burned every carbon bearing substance on the planet you would see a drop in pH to 8.0. Still not acidic. Even if you could get levels of acidity to ridiculous levels there is still no problem. Even wiki reports that....


The PETM is accompanied by a mass extinction of 35-50% of benthic foraminifera (especially in deeper waters) over the course of ~1,000 years - the group suffering more than during the dinosaur-slaying K-T extinction. Contrarily, planktonic foraminifera diversified, and dinoflagellates bloomed. Success was also enjoyed by the mammals, who radiated profusely around this time.

The deep-sea extinctions are difficult to explain, as many were regional in extent (mainly affecting the north Atlantic). General hypotheses such as a temperature-related reduction in oxygen availability, or increased corrosiveness due to carbonate-undersaturated deep waters, are insufficient as explanations. The only factor which was global in extent was an increase in temperature, and it appears that the majority of the blame must rest upon its shoulders. Regional extinctions in the North Atlantic can be attributed to increased deep-sea anoxia, which could be due to the slowdown of overturning ocean currents,[12] or the release and rapid oxidation of large amounts of methane.[20][verification needed]

In shallower waters, it's undeniable that increased CO2 levels result in a decreased oceanic pH, which has a profound negative effect on corals.[21] Experiments suggest it is also very harmful to calcifying plankton.[22] However, the strong acids used to simulate the natural increase in acidity which would result from elevated CO2 concentrations may have given misleading results, and the most recent evidence is that coccolithophores (E. huxleyi at least) become more, not less, calcified and abundant in acidic waters.[23] Interestingly, no change in the distribution of calcareous nanoplankton such as the coccolithophores can be attributed to acidification during the PETM.[23] Acidification did lead to an abundance of heavily calcified algae[24] and weakly calcified forams.[25]

The increase in mammalian abundance is intriguing. There is no evidence of any increased extinction rate among the terrestrial biota. Increased CO2 levels may have promoted dwarfing[26] – which may (perhaps?) have encouraged speciation. Many major mammalian orders – including the Artiodactyla, horses, and primates – appeared and spread across the globe 13,000 to 22,000 years after the initiation of the PETM.[26]



So once again, the warmists try and frighten the savages with a non issue. You people are such losers. Lousy liars and pseudo scientists on a grand scale. the only reason why you could hope to pull this bullshit over on people is they are so poorly educated in the basic sciences.

Paleocene
 

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