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The North African country is struggling with fighting on several fronts as brigades of former rebels who battled side by side to oust Muammar Gaddafi in 2011 now clash for political power and a share of oil revenues. The conflict has driven at least 120,000 people from their homes and caused a humanitarian crisis, said a joint report by the U.N. human rights office and U.N. Support Mission in Libya (UNSMIL) that also documents shelling of civilian areas.
The toll includes an estimated 100 people killed and 500 wounded in fighting between rival armed groups in Warshefana, an area near Tripoli "perceived to be harbouring many Gaddafi supporters as well as common criminals", between late August and early October. A further 170 were killed and hundreds injured in fighting in the Nafusa mountains to the southwest, it said. Some 450 people have been killed in Benghazi since fighting escalated in mid-October. Hospitals there have been shelled or occupied by armed groups and a Red Crescent ambulance was used to carry out a suicide attack on a checkpoint, it said.
Libyan Army Forces belonging to Libya's rival government, that are part of the Alshorooq (Libya Dawn) operation to free oil ports, are seen on the outskirts of Al Sidra oil port
Since mid-October, the Libyan army and forces loyal to former general Khalifa Haftar have been waging a war to retake the eastern coastal city, held by Islamist groups. Information was collected during a U.N. mission to Tripoli and from activists, journalists and victims' families. "The death toll was compiled by collecting records from hospitals," U.N. human rights spokeswoman Ravina Shamdasani told a briefing.
Adding to the chaos, Libya has had two parallel governments since August when a group called Libya Dawn seized Tripoli, forcing the internationally recognised administration out of the capital. "There is a serious lack of law and order, there is absolutely no accountability, so these violations are continuing with impunity, and there has been no effort to really stop that," Shamdasani said. "Some of these crimes may amount to war crimes," she said. Many of the violations potentially fall under the jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court (ICC) which is investigating the situation in Libya, the report said. But its chances of pursuing perpetrators are far from certain. In 12 years of operation it has secured just three convictions.
Hundreds of civilians killed in Libya fighting as crisis deepens U.N. Reuters
The world body had planned to hold a second round of talks last week to end a confrontation between two rival governments and parliaments, but it said a military escalation was undermining its efforts. The new talks have been repeatedly delayed due to difficulties getting the parties to agree to meet. U.N. Special Envoy Bernadino Leon briefed the 15-nation Security Council via video link. "He (Leon) said he had agreement 'in principle' that talks would start on the 5th," a diplomat who attended the closed-door meeting said on condition of anonymity. "He also set out three key issues for a roadmap - a national unity government, stabilizing the country through cease-fires of militias and a new constitution."
Chad U.N. Ambassador Mahamat Zene Charif, council president this month, confirmed the Jan. 5 date, adding that council members expressed concern about the continued fighting and flow of weapons into Libya. Charif noted that Leon said the parties had agreed on the roadmap. A U.N. official told Reuters that getting the various factions to meet was like "herding heavily armed cats."
Libya has had two governments and parliaments competing for legitimacy since a group called Libya Dawn seized the capital in August, installing its cabinet and forcing the government of recognized Prime Minister Abdullah al-Thinni to the east. World powers fear the Libyan conflict will lead to civil war as former rebel groups that helped oust the country's former leader, the late Muammar Gaddafi, in 2011 fight for power and a share of its vast oil reserves. Leon has said that the Libya dialogue would include members of the General National Congress, the country's previous assembly reinstated by the new rulers in the capital Tripoli.
Hundreds of civilians in Libya have been killed in fighting since late August, the United Nations said, warning commanders of armed groups that they could face prosecution for possible war crimes, including executions and torture. The conflict has driven at least 120,000 people from their homes and caused a humanitarian crisis, said a joint report by the U.N. human rights office and U.N. Support Mission in Libya that also documents shelling of civilian areas.
U.N. says Libya rivals agree in principle to peace talks Reuters
