So if they now declare marriage no longer a right, then yes the state could define exceptions to who could get married. That's not going to happen, thus it is a matter of how soon will SCOTUS make same-sex marriage a right.
They already ruled it is NOT a right, in Baker v. Nelson. The CA SC in it's first dealing with same sex marriage cites Baker as binding precedent. A poster mentioned Lawrence, this case does also as a possible "doctrinal development" to release the lower courts of the summary decision, BUT CA refused to do it, that is why the CA Constitution was at the crux of the ruling.
In part:
Although the United States Supreme Court has determined that there is no
right to same-sex marriage under the federal Constitution (Baker v. Nelson, supra,
409 U.S. 810), courts in other states construing their own state Constitutions in
recent years have reached differing conclusions on this question.
---------------------------------------------
Indeed, there is a decision of the United States Supreme Court, binding on
all other courts and public officials, that a state law restricting marriage to
opposite-sex couples does not violate the federal Constitution’s guarantees of
equal protection and due process of law. After the Minnesota Supreme Court held
that Minnesota laws preventing marriages between persons of the same sex did not
violate the equal protection or due process clauses of the United States
Constitution (Baker v. Nelson (Minn. 1971) 191 N.W.2d 185), the decision was
appealed to the United States Supreme Court, as federal law then permitted (see 28
U.S.C. former § 1257(2), 62 Stat. 929 as amended by 84 Stat. 590). The high
court later dismissed that appeal “for want of substantial federal question.” (Baker
v. Nelson (1972) 409 U.S. 810.)
As the United States Supreme Court has explained, a dismissal on the
ground that an appeal presents no substantial federal question is a decision on the
merits of the case, establishing that the lower court’s decision on the issues of
federal law was correct. (Mandel v. Bradley (1977) 432 U.S. 173, 176; Hicks v.
Miranda (1975) 422 U.S. 332, 344.) Summary decisions of this kind “prevent
lower courts from coming to opposite conclusions on the precise issues presented
and necessarily decided by those actions.” (Mandel v. Bradley, supra, at p. 176.)
4
Thus, the high court’s summary decision in Baker v. Nelson, supra, 409 U.S. 810,
prevents lower courts and public officials from coming to the conclusion that a
state law barring marriage between persons of the same sex violates the equal
protection or due process guarantees of the United States Constitution.
The binding force of a summary decision on the merits continues until the
high court instructs otherwise. (Hicks v. Miranda, supra, 422 U.S. at p. 344.)
That court may release lower courts from the binding effect of one of its decisions
on the merits either by expressly overruling that decision or through “ ‘doctrinal
developments’ ” that are necessarily incompatible with that decision. (Id. at
p. 344.) The United States Supreme Court has not expressly overruled Baker v.
Nelson, supra, 409 U.S. 810, nor do any of its later decisions contain doctrinal
developments that are necessarily incompatible with that decision.
The San Francisco public officials have argued that the United States
Supreme Court’s decision in Lawrence v. Texas (2003) 539 U.S. 558, holding
unconstitutional a state law “making it a crime for two persons of the same sex to
engage in certain intimate sexual conduct” (id. at p. 562), amounts to a doctrinal
development that releases courts and public officials from any obligation to obey
the high court’s decision in Baker v. Nelson, supra, 409 U.S. 810.
I know Baker very well, no news there. You frame your point as though SCOTUS is suddenly prevented from declaring SSM a right. Baker is not final, new precedent will be established by SCOTUS. 1972 was a very different time, even if the Justices wanted to declare SSM a constitutional right, it is unlikely they would. Justice O'Connor switched positions from Bowers to Lawrence, a mere 17 years later. What changed? It was probably the times. This was also a time where cases reached SCOTUS via mandatory appellate review, so they had to issue summary dispositions on every case. Perry will reach SCOTUS and the Court will formally issue an opinion on the matter and settle it.
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