The vaccine itself poses no risk of infecting participants, but there are other moral and social challenges facing trial participants- issues of privacy and confidentiality.

"If you're participating in an HIV vaccine trial, in itself, you've got a privacy problem, people will assume you to be at risk," says Dr. Gostin. "They might think you're a homosexual or a user of drugs."

Another area of concern for participants is discrimination. If the vaccine makes a person test positive for AIDS, even though they don't have the virus, they could face discrimination in areas ranging from jobs to health insurance.

Civil rights Lawyers are getting greedy and want a cut of the profits from a vaccine.